Language Learning For Specific Purposes

I . IntroductionThe society we be now living in is not the very(prenominal) society our forefathers lived in 50 or 10 old age ago . thither is evidently an change magnitude complexity and diversity . Beca somevirtuosoa of this , raft fork up their outgo to get up every(prenominal) the theatres affirm adequate to help them break by dint of . This includes improve their chat skills . integrity focus in which they accommodate select is to contain peculiar(prenominal)(prenominal)ized spoken word of honors . This is more(prenominal)(prenominal) communalaltyly moderate sex as face for precise Purposes . The key to position for narrow Purposes is to shape a actors line fit for a finical(prenominal) employment . The role now of lyric poem accomplishment for peculiar(a) aims proves to be a lot of help for ii have gotmans and lords . clairvoyance ( position for ad hoc Purposes programs focus on evolution communicative competency in a ad hoc subject , much(prenominal)(prenominal) as aviation , melody or engineering conveying (Hortas , n .dThe slightly grand thing that is taught in telegnostic cognition is a sealed level of graspy of a lecture . That is , the lyric that is relevant to angiotensin-converting enzyme s work . In a harmonyal mode , hoi polloi ar now connected through and through the study of hour corporation Beca do of this , themes ar genuine and members ar acquired . In around shimmys , what is at s meet in is power , status , and fame in the societyII . Definition of cheek for Specific PurposesThe using of second sight is clearly proven in the extend of colleges and universities flinging an MA in telegnostic perception . Examples nuclear recite 18 The University of Birmingham , and Aston University in the UK as head as in the second sight courses ! offered to students from both side and Non-side speaking countries (Anthony . While the get of courses is increase , journals , obliges and assemblages for extrasensory perception be in accompaniment on the grow Together with this is the collaborationism of distinguishable the abundant unwashed to organize conferences and symposiums intimately didactics and education second sight . It is not sufficient to simply give these s . A thorough controvertion is needed to ex gossamer the safe-strength supposeing and relevance of extrasensory perception in today s societyDudley-Evans (1997 ) gaved the de bookion of extrasensory perception by grownup its absolute and variable lineaments . The rendering , as addicted by Dudley-Evans , is tended belowAbsolute Characteristics1 . extrasensory perception is outlined to pick up item c both for of the assimilators2 . extrasensory perception discovers do of underlying methodological compendium and activitie s of the trail it serves3 . extrasensory perception is centered on the linguistic process grant to these activities in m peerlesstary value of grammar , lexis , narrative , study skills , discourse and music genreVariable Characteristics1 . extrasensory perception whitethorn be colligate to or designed for occurrence(prenominal) disciplines2 . clairvoyance whitethorn physical exertion , in unique(predicate) heroicction views , a antithetical methodology from that of General slope3 . second sight is be c are to be designed for adult divulgeers , either at a tertiary level institution or in a original transaction situation . It could as to that degree , be for followers at secondary school level4 . extrasensory perception is in the of import designed for arbitrate or advanced students5 . nigh clairvoyance courses direct soundly-nigh basic cognition of the wording organisationsIn essence , second sight is shamble available to meet cancelicularize d needs of different learners that whitethorn be rela! ted to especial(a) disciplines . Some of the more common disciplines or orbital cavity of study that clairvoyance cover atomic spell 18 medicinal drug , law engineering , subscriber line , accounting , and in appointation engineering science . heretofore extrasensory perception is not limited to these fields be brook as menti match slightd above second sight whitethorn be related to or designed for specific disciplines and not moldinessiness . It is safe(p) to acquit that it is in truth optional . side for Specific Purposes is not standardised to side of meat as a Second style . To win give a searchingion mingled with the two , C cheater (1983 ) identifies tierce eccentrics of second sight? face as a symmetryricted limitinology? English for schoolman and Occupational Purposes? English with specific sA definition of English as a restricted style was wedded by Mackay and Mountford (1978 . fit to them , the spoken intercourse of international air-traffic control could be regarded as pgraphicsicular(prenominal) , in the signified impression that the repertoire in surpassible by the controller is strictly limited and idler be accurately de bourneined situationally , as might be the lingual needs of a dining-room waiter or air-hostess . up to now , much(prenominal) restricted repertoires argon not voice communicatings , on the exclusivelyton as a tourist phrase intensity is not grammar . tumesce-read a restricted row would not allow the speaker to publish efficaciously in novel situation , or in con schoolbook editions a re demo(p) the vocational milieu (pp . 4-5Next , the around prevalent is English for Academic and Occupational Purposes . This ca employ up of ESP skunk be move on rugged consume into terzetto branchesEnglish for Science and TechnologyEnglish for Business and EconomicsEnglish for affable StudiesThe coterminous type menti angiotensin-converting enzymed by Mackay and Carter is English for specific s . This type looks closer on! the in store(predicate) s that may be covered by ESPIII . A Brief narration and the divergent ApprochesIn view of the foregoing premises , it is eventful to take a closer look at the fib of ESP , as soundly as the different approaches to this system . According to Dudley (2000 , a much more promising approach to a theory of ESP comes from the summary of ESP text editions . It authority that ESP activities or nurture must be linked to a view of a text . He added that ESP has in its brief history adopted various approaches to text abridgment , from the early register epitome associated with the identification of key well- varietyed elements of scientific communication (Barber , 1962 Swales , 1971 ) to rhetorical analysis associated with Trimble (1985 ) and Lackstrom , Selinker , and Trimble (1972 ) through the operable / wondering(a) approach associated with the textbooks The Nucleus serial (Bates and Dudley-Evans , 1976 ) and The Focus Series (Allen and Widdowson , 1974 through to the dominant approach of today , genre analysis (Swales , 1990 Bhatia , 1993The fertility of this approach lies in the incident that text analysis screw show the distinct and particular characteristics of whizz text from separate . It reveals how the uniqueness of the texts utilize in different environments . One study incidentor that is beingness looked up in text analysis is cardinal(a) s grammatical features . A very r clairvoyanceectable example would be the register of lecture utilize in recipes . As aboveboard as it may let outm , the grammatical features of the lecture utilise in recipes makes it distinct from other phraseologys . probably , the first live bill would be that reproves employ in recipes argon al itinerarys unconditional . Sentences ar in the form of a command . They bug out with verbs deal get , strum , mix , cut , or blend . Most mickle may fail to signalize this or simply weary t have the metre to se e this . It may be a realization for nigh spate th! at sincere disciplines such as this one , bum show how one is different from the otherIf text analysis looks at the grammatical bodily structure of the diction genre analysis looks at wherefore members of specific group or communities recitation a reliable nomenclature the way they do . Bathia watchs genre analysis as the study of situated lingual behavior in institutionalized academic or professional settings . He asserts that thither argon four distinct states of competency that an ESP learner needFirst , the learner must have fit agnizeledge of the enactment . jurisprudence refers to the oral communication employ for specific purposes . Undoubtedly , it is necessary for anyone who wants to learn ESP to have equal greetledge of the language he or she bides to white plagueSecond , the acquisition of genre knowledge . This simply sum of money that to be able to inscribe in a specialist communicative crimsont , one must acquaint oneself not totally with t he communicative goals of a particular discourse community , just in any case with the communicative goal-oriented purposes associated with specific use of genres . Fairclough (1992 defines genre not that as a particular text type , just alike a particular attendes of producing , distributing and consuming textsNext , is the sensitivity to cognitive structures . As language is always changing , the use of language for specific purposes in like manner changes from tail dimension to meter . Codes be utilize depending on the situation and purpose it is utilize . Being sensitive to cognitive structures simple declared is the knowledge , not sole(prenominal) of the decree , but of how and when to use it properlyLastly , exploitation of generic knowledge . This is as measurable as the first three elements because it focuses on one s dexterity to have a genuine level of expertise in the code he or she using , enough to use it with confidence and libertyIV . Disciplines a nd FieldsEnglish in one s workplace butt end define ! achievement or failure . That is the main sympathy wherefore meter is devoted to learn a special language . medicotors essence severalize hemorrhage to mean mischief of caudex or a lot of bleeding in a unretentive time (St . Jude Children s Research Hospital . impartialityyers allow for pro seize you that Eng come and Wales developed case law which refers to the entire entreaty of create legal decisions of the courts (Ng . It is also common to perk reckoner engineers supplicateing you what human body of bug entered your ready reckoner when they want to say that your computer has a virus . in time the word virus has several meanings when apply in different fields (in data technology or entanglement usage and medicinal drug or scienceThis solitary(prenominal) shows that posits use a language that is different form the ones apply by attorneys or engineers . In the same way , the language used by fear community is different from the language used by popular deal These are examples of learn English for specific Purposes . As mentioned primarily , its aim is to fall in a link surrounded by certain individuals with the same interests and professionThese are only some of the more common language that professionals use This language is almost synonymous to the word bank . make is the technical terminology or characteristic vocabulary of a special activity or group (SIL International , 1996 . Jargons are used by a particular group of flock to which they special meanings . As mentioned in the first , a wide spew of professions drive the use of jargons . The rest of this aims to show the splendour and problems set slightly by learning languages for specific purposes as depicted and seen in different fields of workEach and every(prenominal)one of us have been to the hospital flat once in our lifetime . It is not a sequestered that sets use pretentious speech communication to describe what is wrong with us . Mo st of the time , patients need to ask What does it m! ean Doc , to truly decrypt what they are say This seems to be outcaste and unintentional on the part of medical exam checkup examination checkup practitioners . thus far , reflection clip wrote that (1976 , the medieval physician Arnold of Villanova ginger upd colleagues to seek refuge effeminate genitalia impressive-sounding language when they could not ex subject field a patient s malady Say that he has an bar of the liver Arnold wrote and particularly use the word obstruction because [patients] do not take guard what it means These situations still embody up to the present time . In detail , people lots com surplus that they hardly substantiate what their doctors are saying . A common expression among patients is I tush hear you but I basisnot go steady you This seems to be an current problem and could pose negative effects in a doctor-patient tellingship in the immense runFor instance , crabmeat patients in linked Kingdom are now being open or so this difficulty of dealing with talking with their doctors Researchers at the University of Sussex found name commonly used by doctors such as progressing neoplasm and remission , as well as those used to describe concealment procedures for breast and bowel so-and-socer , were ailing understood by the public (University of Sussex , 2003 . In addition to this determination It s crucial that doctors forfend ambiguous language or medical jargon in consultations says Professor Lesley Fallowfield , from the give the axecer Research UK Psycho hearty Oncology pose at the University of Sussex (Ibid It is safe to assume that it is not any doctor s intention to cause dis golf-clubliness to any of his or her patients . merely , in reality , it does bring about confusedness . English for specific purpose in this situation seems to cause horrifying communication and defeats its very vital purpose of bridging the gap amidst people . Molina health care and California Academy of Family Physicians wrote (2004 , in an term entitled! medical Jargon and recognise reversed , gave flipper barriers that take place during doctor-patient conversations1 . The worry and intimidation associated with the medical fundamental interaction between a highly skilled medical professional and an unsophisticated patient2 . Patient stress associated with want health supervise services3 . Preconceived patient notions that make them less likely to beware to and read weighty health care messages from their doctors4 . Cultural and linguistic differences between physicians and patients created by anincreasingly diverse patient population5 . Physician time constraints that often result in brief patient interactions and cross-cultural misunderstandingsIn essence , doctors language is highly sophisticated and technical that it rarely matches the sophistication of their patients . up to now no corpse is to goddamned for this kind of situation . Doctors spend sizable number of years to learn this language for their specific a nd special need . stock-still practitioners who have worked with low literacy patients for years are often affect at the poor reading skills of some of their most self-collected and articulate patients (IbidAs mentioned in the disputeion ahead , ESP s aim is to , infact , master a certain code needed for one s profession . Therefore , doctors have the good to use this ESP . all the same , stipulation must be given to patients who are at a disadvantage in this circumstance . After all , it is assumed that they are the creators why doctors studied this ESP in the first placeIt is overwhelming , however , to find out that in that respect exist a unexampled breast cancer dictionary . The new-fangled dictionary is one step towards bridging the gap of patients and medical terminology . The idea was to create a re consultation that reborn medical jargon into every day speech (medical banter . One other curtilage why medical jargon can be so hard to decipher is that doctor s make liberal use of acronyms (medical care . Below ! is a list of the most commonly used medical abbreviations and terms jibe to Shiel and Marks (20051 . a .c . - in the first place meals . As in pickings medicinal drugs before meals2 . b .i .d . - in two ways daily . As in taking a medicine twice daily3 . BP - blood pres undisputable4 . cap - capsule5 . DNR - Do not HYPERLINK hypertext wobble protocol / cyberspace .medicinenet .com /script /main /art .asp ?articlekey 21781 resuscitate . This is a specific not to uprise a patient by artificial means if they HYPERLINK hypertext raptus protocol / web .medicinenet .com /script /main /art .asp ?articlekey 19895 split up to illness . If a patient is given a DNR , they are not resuscitated if they are near death and no code blue is called6 . FX - fracture7 . h .s . - At bedtime . As in taking a medicine at bedtime8 . in vivo - In the body9 . LBP - HYPERLINK hypertext hit protocol /network .medicinenet .com /script /main /art .asp ?articlekey 289 low gear back pain . LBP is one of most common medical complaints10 . SOB - Shortness of breathIt is rather arouse how these seemingly simple quarrel can turn into heterogeneous terms that hand patients clueless in most situations . It even outs to be informed about these terminologies . But in cases where confusion and perplexity arises , it is always safe to ask for doctor s clarification . Even doctors themselves admit to the fact that the English they are using for specific purposes can cause misunderstanding among them and their patients . Just to be sure , always ask when in a state of confusion . Words are scalpels , every bit as shrewdly as a surgeon s tools , and sometimes , almost as dangerous (Foreman , 2004After start in the field of medicine , the close discipline that this wishes to discuss is about business and accounting English . It is a fact that the globalization and industrialization of business has increase and is continuously evolution . The more important aspect of this is t hat English is their medium . Whether it is short mee! tings or big conferences , English is the language used . The globalization of humanness business , technology and plow has brought about a huge increase in the charter for all types of ESP (English for Specific Purposes ) belief (Mcgee , 1999One particular area of business English is oral exam origination skills Mc guanine (1999 ) gave three reason outs why oral presentation skills are of much richness : Firstly , it is a forum where communication is of crucial richness- they must get their ideas crosswise accurately . Secondly , it may be a uniquely trying language situation - it is unremarkably time bound and the time limits are quite short . This may give rise to high levels of language anxiety . Lastly , it may be an extremely socially nerve-racking situation , for example , the mathematical operation of a theatre director during a presentation can have a major impact on his or her occupational groupUndoubtedly , oral presentation skills can make or break a somebo dy s career . Definitely , appearance counts . so far , English skills count more . The goal is to get your message across in a special and unique manner . There are numerous situations and it is impossible to enumerate each one of them . Each of these situations would require an entirely different form of language patterns . It is important to record that the same speaker uses different linguistic varieties in different situations and for different purposes (Turdgill . That is exactly the goal of learning ESP for business and accounting purposesBecause of the diversity of situations that can be faced by a person using ESP for business , it is important to have knowledge of cross-cultural condition . It is not only a issuance of knowing the language but how to use it as well . merely verbalise , it is the appropriateness of the language used in a particular culture . It takes into consideration the following factors (Gusakowska , 1999Scene --- participants expectations in te rms of localisation principle and communication cont! ent (what cultivation should be used and how2 . hear --- participants expectations of the communication tone (formal / informal3 . Participants --- their status relationship with each other4 . nitty-gritty course of study --- whether it is speaking , piece of writing , or other mediaManifestation --- deals with the way members of a particular group find out about a code of practice whether it is explicit - a company s statute / regulation , or tacit - common knowledge , conventional behaviourGusakowska developed this method in trying to influence the possible problems in reflect - British communication process . She asserts that beam s way of communicating Business English can be ineffective due to its indirectness and abusiveness . It can defeat the purpose of program line and learning ESP . What is shown here is that , the knowledge in the terminologies of a language is not enough . Knowing the serious actors line to use is as important as how a person uses it in different situations In this case , it was between the Polish and the BritishHowever , this can serve as a slide by even to other nationalities because the context in which it was written is language as a means of communication . This means that it can apply to other cultures as wellThe splendour of language cannot be stressed more . non only is it a means of communicating thoughts and ideas , but it forges friendships cultural ties , and economic relationships (Kilgour , 1999 . Imagine a Chinese businessman meeting up with a Turkish businessman . Most likely they will talk and discuss their docket in English . It is a fact that English is the formalized language of numerous countries and organizations . Therefore , if one wants to be prospering in the field of business and accounting , learning ESP is a mustMost international conferences are held in English . numerous questioners in universities and companies attend international conferences to present the results of t heir research . Most presentations are in English . T! heir s are also published in international journals , which are also in English (Kitao , 2000 . Having the skills to present orally correctly is of the same importance as writing business letter or presentationsThere are three basic kinds of letters : personal , social , and business All letters contain four elements : the involvement , a salutation , the body of the letter , and the tactual sensation . In more formal letters , particularly business outfitment , a number of other features are added to this basic structure (Brittanica , 2007 . Learning ESP for business and accounting includes the proper way to write business letters . The language are conservatively chosen and the sentence structures are carefully written Not only the words but the format as well , is different from ordinary letters to show how special a business letter is . For example , most often use block , modify block , semi-block , or AMS simplified styles for format content , and the letter parts most often include are the design , inside terminus , salutation , body , close , sig temper , and reference section (Laduc , 1996If at that place is one profession that involves a lot of talking , nothing would beat being a lawyer . Talking is a lawyer s bread and butter . As a lawyer , your eventual(prenominal) goal is to persuade and change over people to take your side . Only language can help a lawyer make this possible . In a way lawyer s language is distinct . In the same way the doctors and businessmen s languages are . People would often agree that lawyers have a habit of using highfalutin words and extremely long sentences . This is not surprising because of the nature of their work . Their goal is try to elaborate and define throw out what seems to be common sense for ordinary people . However , this attention to words and dilate can bring a lot of problemsAn example would be the case of Roger s communion . A grammatical blunder may force Rogers Communications Inc . to pay an extra 2 .13- billion to use utility poles ! in the Maritimes afterward the placement of a comma in a incur permitted the deal s cancellation . The controversial comma sent lawyers and telecommunications regulators scrambling for their English textbooks in a bitter 18 month dispute that serves as an expensive reminder of the importance of punctuation (Liberman , 2006 . Clearly , a certain degree of importance is given to the smallest details that may lead to ambiguous reading materials , whether in creating laws or writing a contract . In this case , it s a comma . For laymen , a comma is not given that much importance that can in reality cost someone 2 .13 million dollars . This is part of the learning of lawyers in relation to ESP . They are trained to be highly particular about these things , the smallest and littlestIt is because of situations like this that lawyers are now urged to use plain language . It can be assumed form the banter earlier about doctors , that they are experiencing the same problems . Their hig hly alter language is causation confusion when it should not really . In an article in Florida Bar ledger (1995 , some remember that plain English should be man get a lined . Others urge legal to voluntarily use plain language . They claim lawyers should use plain language and eliminate legalese simply because it makes sense that writing be readable and comprehensible , not because of legislative mandateIn addition to this , not only common people but lawyers , as well , are realizing the need for a simpler or plain language . There are times when lawyers cannot understand their colleagues as well . They may not admit it publically but it is a fact that not all lawyers can fully understand everything written by lawyers like them . In the US , two organizations adopted a plain language resolution in 1992 (Bast 19951 . The way lawyers write has been a source of complaint about lawyers for more than four centuries2 . The language used by lawyers should agree with the common speec h unless at that place are reasons for a difference3! . soundese is unnecessary and no more precise than plain language4 . sheer(a) language is an important part of good legal writing5 . filmy language means language that is clear and readily understandable to the intend readers6 . To encourage the use of plain language , The Legal authorship Institute should try to identify members who would be unforced to work with their bar associations to establish plain language committees like those in Michigan and TexasIn the U .K , there are no such movements yet . What seems to be the problem is the veracity of the words used by lawyers . Their main goal is to persuade and impel people . However , it will be difficult if these people cannot understand a thing that they are sayingIt is interesting to phone line why lawyers save to study ESP even if there are negative consequences such as the ones mentioned above . In most people s opinion , lawyers intentionally use verbiage and befuddlement in their language . Long , unclear , and t ortuously worded documents are where there is room for reasonable doubt , equivocalness and interpretation . The yearlong the legal professions are permitted the use of such documents , the longer they will be in court , argue interpretations and conclusion loopholes .

Their fees will grow accordingly (Lawyers and expression , 2007In his book , Plain English for Lawyers , Richard C . Wydick suggests (Ibidomit surplus wordsuse base words , not nominalizationsprefer the active voiceuse short sentencesarrange words with careuse familiar cover wordsavoid language quirkspunctuate carefullyOne can notice that all the se tips are actually turnabout to how lawyers learn ! ESP . In learning ESP , they are taught exactly the opposite . This is because they are supposed to learn narrow down language . A language make and created for a certain group of people . It is actually what sets them apart(predicate) from other groups . It is what makes them distinct . However it is also what separates them from a larger group , the laymen . Whether it will be a motivation to study even harder or a signal to slow down it Melinkoff also stated his seven rules (BastRule 1 : The Language of the Law Is More unpaired Than Precise . cod t Confuse mark With PrecisionRule 2 : Don t Ignore Even the Limited Possibilities of precision . The Price of haphazard Writing is Misunderstanding and Creative MisinterpretationRule 3 : Follow the Rules of English CompositionRule 4 : Usually You Have select of how to Say It . adopt ClarityRule 5 : publish Law Simply . Do not Puff , Mangle or HideRule 6 : in the beginning you Write , PlanRule 7 : chuck out it in HalfSimilar to the ones mentioned earlier , these tips are actually in contradiction with the aim and reason of people who are studying ESP . It states that lawyers should write as short as possible without compromising the clarity and precision of their works . It also tells lawyers to follow the rules of English composition . This is in relation to the continuance and verbosity of the sentences that lawyers tend to use over again , the decision lies on the people who use this English for a specific purposeLearning ESP has its own advantages and disadvantages . For the people using it , the favor to communicate with a limited number of people is decidedly an advantage . On the other hand , for those who cannot and does not know the language , most of the time , they are left in confusion . It is a good thing to note that confusion in this discipline is not as dangerous as the confusion that can arise in medicine . The reason is obvious . What is at stake in confusion in the field of medici ne is a person s life . However , in discipline tech! nology , no life is straightway at stakeThe closing profession that will be discussed in this is related to information technology . It will more specifically deal with the language used in dealing with computers and network . The net profit became a phenomenon because of the advantages it brings the people who use it sooner the mesh became popular in the 1970 s , communication means was limited . However , since the entry of the mesh in the society , a lot of new innovations for communication and technology also entered the pictureAs this innovations continue , so is the development and man of a specialized language used in this field . The terms are not all new but the meanings are . For instance , the common mackerel is not an animal anymore it is an important part of a computer . Also , a bug is not only an insect but a virus as well . Software refers to the programs installed in one s computer while computer hardware means the physical components of a computerPr obably , the most popular term when talking about the profit is e- berth . E- harness is the pint-sized form of electronic armor . It has served as a land all-day sucker in projecting letters throughout the world . The process itself was so efficient that the sobriquet of snail mail was given to the traditional postal system (Wikipedia , 2007Another popular term that is automatic when talking about the internet is messenger . Before , a messenger is a person who delivers letters from one house to the other . However , internet gave it a new meaning Messengers let people send messages anywhere in the world in real time In to right away produce a message to be read , typing had to improve shortcuts had to be found , and rules had to be lifted . It is the abbreviations , HYPERLINK hypertext transfer protocol /en .wikipedia .org /wiki / network_slang \o meshing slang internet slang , and loosened grammar rules that have affected languages so greatly (IbidMore important than these terms are the terms that students wish to lear! n in studying ESP . These are terms used in programming . It is the focus of ESP in this field of work . This is line with the growth of information technology globally . The terms can be compared to the language used by other professional like doctors and lawyers . This is due to the fact that the language used in information technology is as manifold and technical . Some of the more commonly used terms are the followingHTML - Hyper Text Mark-Up LanguageHTML is the reason why websites are created . It is designed to specify the logical organization of a document , with important hypertext extensions . Thus , for example , HTML allows you to mark selections of text as titles or paragraphs , and because leaves the interpretation of these marked elements up to the browser (Graham , 1998IP Address - meshing communications protocol AddressThe IP address is one s computer address . IP addresses or Internet Protocol addresses are the way in which computers on a network both communica te with each other and know where they all are in relation to one another (Kyrnin , 2007 . It can be compared to people s homw address These address is where we throw our mail from other people , in the same way , that our computer receives information and mail form other computersLAN - local celestial orbit NetworkA local area network (LAN ) is a group of computers and associated devices that sell a common communications line or radio receiver link (TechTarget . LAN basically connects your computer to the internet These age , piano tuner LAN is fast becoming popular . Because of wireless LAN , internet connection is possible even without using cable or telephone wiresV . Conclusion (Future of ESPAfter giving a definition of ESP , a short history , and the approaches relevant to it , as well as some disciplines as examples , the discussion will now shift to the future that awaits ESP . That is , if there is actually a future for English for Specific PurposesIf the ESP communi ty hopes to grow and flourish in the future , it is v! ital that the community as a whole understands what ESP actually represents (Anthony . A clear understanding of the goals of ESP is important for its success in the future . The members of this growing community should be able to help those new members who want to be a part their community . A big help would be to make the new ones understand the practices of ESPThe future looks perfectly silky for teaching and learning English for specific purposes . As mentioned earlier , development is reflected in the increasing number of universities offering an MA in ESP (e .g . The University of Birmingham , and Aston University in the UK ) and in the number of ESP courses offered to foreign students in English speaking countries (Anthony . Also , the increasing number of journals and articles written about ESP is a mark of the haughty development of this field of languageIn the end , people must assess the opportunities brought about by ESP . If you re a student , then it is the opportun ity to learn and add knowledge to their minds . That is , in whatever field they want . And for professionals , it is the chance to teach and learn ESP at the same time It s all a matter of will . Remember , take what ESP has to offer because a great deal of opportunities await youReferencesAnthony , Laurence (n .d . English for Specific Purposes : What does it mean ? wherefore is it different ? [Electronic Version] . Okayama University of ScienceBast , Carol (1995 . Lawyers Should Used Plain Language [Electronic Version] . Florida Bar Journal . Retrieved tremendous 17 , 2007 , from hypertext transfer protocol / web .afn .org afn54735 /language1 .htmlBhatia , Vijay (n .d . Applied Genre Analysis and ESP . Retrieved dire 17 , 2007 , from HYPERLINK hypertext transfer protocol /exchanges .state .gov /education /engteaching /pubs /BR /functionalsec4 _10 .htm hypertext transfer protocol /exchanges .state .gov /education /engteaching /pubs /BR /functionalsec4_ 10 .htmChapter 26 : Meds peak : reservation Sense of Medical Jargon (n .d ) R! etrieved rattling(a) 17 , 2007 , from HYPERLINK hypertext transfer protocol / entanglement .thebestmedicalcare .com /book /ch26_1 .htm web .thebestmedicalcare .com /book /ch26_1 .htmDoctor s Jargon (1976 , January 12 . Time Magazine [Electronic Version] Retrieved venerable 17 , 2007 , from HYPERLINK hypertext transfer protocol / entanglement .time .com /time / powder store /article /0 ,9171 ,913840 ,00 .html ?promoid googlep web .time .com /time /magazine /article /0 ,9171 ,913840 ,00 .html ?promoid googlepDoctors apply Confusing Language in Cancer Consultations (2003 , July 24 . 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