The Application of the Saul Alinksky Approach Research Paper

The Application of the Saul Alinksky Approach - Research Paper Example at that place needs to be an evaluation of the principles. The notion that has been followed by Saul Alinsky was greatly dep cobblers lastent upon the fact that end result of any task that one undertakes, be it an activist, needs to have a clear channel by knowing the incurred cost. This clearly puts an emphasis on the fact that those who would believe that by the usage of vitiated means, the end of the task will also be corrupt is an actual and fair belief (Zastrow & Kirst-Ashman, 2012).In his article, Saul has evidently shown that there needs to be rules exemption in terms of means and ends. However, critics consume that it is not correct to apply a same belief for all sorts of situations. The model approach that has been appointed by Saul includes a number of ingredients giving clear inclination regarding different circumstances. The initial component or the situation of the model approach is the minimalis tic view of an individual regarding means and ethics. This relatively shows that the individual is to a greater extent considerate about his personal goals avoiding the conflict making him distant from the situation (Ledwith, 2011).Another component or the situation put forward be where the decision makers are in complete hold of their environment. This means that decision-makers can only take decision by sticking to the political grounds. In simpler words, it can be state that decision-making can also be influence depending upon the power or hold of politics. Saul Alinsky further goes into other situation with the roots of the above noted components. He notes, Liberals in their meetings utter bold words they strut, side belligerently, and then issue a weasel-worded statement which has tremendous implications, if read between the lines. They sit calmly, dispassionately, canvass the issue judging both sides they sit and still sit ( (Alinsky, 2010, p. 4). The approach tends to app ly to a

Critical summery reading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Critical summery reading - Essay Exampleh the article, it can be found that subject matter is detailed in a complex manner, where normal readers can perplex discomfort in extracting the information supplied by the writer. But for a reader who has knowledge in the account statement of Middle east can find this article highly professional and informative.Here, the paper focuses on critically reviewing the chapter The Modern Middle eastward State Formation and World War of the book The Middle East in International Relations by Fred Halliday. Here, the introductory part of the chapter is highly dramatic, where the author states about the derisory condition of Iraqis in coping up with the Industrial revolution emerged in Europe .The chapter in divers(prenominal) paragraphs praises about the culture of Middle east and African region and criticizes Europe for being manipulative and exploiting. (Halliday 90)In North Africa, European colonization involving large-scale settlement and agra rian change generated major armed subway system in Algeria and Libya, and powerful mass nationalisms in Morocco and Tunisia. Moreover, this chapter is greatly informative with detailing of historical facts about motley states and nation which can instantly attract the attention of the

( No topic ) Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

( No government issue ) - Lab Report ExampleAutomata can be described as whimsical themed or robotic device that is constructed to act as if by its own power. Sometimes they are referred to as mechanical toys or kinetic art.Automata are marvelous machines that use most of the mechanical processes which can be found in almost every modern machine. They are powered through the use of a hand crackpot that turns a drive shaft which may include cranks, cams, cam followers, ratchets, levers, linkages, pushrods or gears. These mechanical systems are used in power transmission to transmit the input of rotary motion into outputs of linear, rotary, reciprocal or oscillatory motion. whole these combined inputs and outputs lead to a cause and effect relationship that is used to make the automaton to move.In modern times, the design and creation of automata is related to the same principle mechanics involved with the design of robotics. The relationships in the input and output motions is cri tical to the designer. The automata, as researched and done by Paul Spooner and as displayed in the floorshow windup(prenominal) Theatre, shows that from as early as 1960s, the idea of automata has been in existence and has been improved since then.The period 1860 to 1910 is cognize as the golden age of automata. During this period many small family based companies of Automata makers thrived. Contemporary automata continue in the footsteps of the earlier inventors rather than technological sophistication. These contemporary automata are represented by the works of the Cabaret Mechanical Theatre in U.K, Dug North and Chomick in the U.S. some mechanized toys developed during the 18th and nineteenth centuries are automata made with paper. Despite the relative simplicity of material. Paper automata require a high class of technical

Set Induction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Set Induction - Essay ExampleThe make up should be readable enough for the students to know what is expected of them. It should also help them have an idea of what to expect from their instructor. A dear(p) set should also help create motivation among learners. This motivation will help enhance pellucidity and enable students to be fully engaged in the whole learning process (Schuck, 227). Proper set induction by course instructors is necessary for creating interest in and understanding of a new way out among students.I attended an in-depth science class to assess the impact of set induction on students. The proofreader just went straight for the berate notes once the lesson began. There was no introduction to the lesson therefore there was vigour to grip the attention of the students. The lecturer apply power-point presentations for his notes, which were all in the class text books.I theme that set induction to the subject was lacking. The lecturer did nothing to introduce the students to the new concept of the lesson, and yet this is a science class in which students need to understand the concept from the beginning. The lecturer did not welcome the students, and I sensed some lethargy in the way he started the lecture without settling the students down. This sense of indifference was also obvious among the students who lost attention during the early stages of the lesson. Some of them turned to other activities that were not think at all to what they were learning, like sending emails and messages on their phones.I think that the way the lecturer started his lecture was not the right way to go about any learning process. He should have used a simple set induction to get the students ready for whatever he was going to see them. I think the students turned to other activities other than paying attention to what the lecturer was saying referable to the fact that they did not understand anything he said. The lack of attention could also be attribut ed to the fact that the instructor used

Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 16

Research Paper Examplee c arer urbane considerations are utilize in a step-wise system that has the lowest (entry) level civil servant at soft touch 9 and highest level civil servants at grade 1. The contract civil servants are employed on specialized jobs that see their employment terminated once the terms of the contract throw been met (Choi & Park 2013, pp. 12-13).In Japan, the national civil improvement is responsible for all civil servant employments. Once employed in a ministry, an employee will remain with the comparable ministry until their employment is terminated. Transfers between ministries is genuinely uncommon. A civil servant is advanced selectively but in the confines of rank such that the senior personnel have priority in terms of promotion. In reality, the actual retirement age for civil servants is 55 geezerhood of age but an amakudari style of re-employment system has been adopted by Japans civil service in which retired workers are re-absorbed back into the workforce as part of the lifetime employment system employed in the country. The implication is that amakudari is an essential provision of the lifetime employment system where workers are obligated to unloosen from place of employment out front they reach of the formal retirement age. The system provides low salaries for civil servants, when matched to salaries of the same age cohort in the private sector. Amakudari is an issue of great significance and one that has become very contentious. Each ministry runs independent of the others and rudimentary government such that each minister is expected to bear the business and that even the prime minister cannot direct other ministers business and some of the core government ministries were created before the current constitution was promulgated. The local governments employ 75 percent of all civil servants while the central government employs the remaining 25 percent (Hood & Guy 2003, pp. 38-42 Institute of Administrative Manage ment 2001, pp. 21-26).The British civil service

Litigation, Censures, and Fines Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Litigation, Censures, and Fines - Term Paper ExampleIn recent years auditors argon victimisation unqualified comments to warn the companies to take good care of their bookkeeping process but the latter entities are not following the recommendations. The situation got worst with the passage of time and due to this reason public st impostureed to take exception the practices of dry landal news report organizations. Government responded to these challenges by tightening the regulations and ordered the auditors to give qualified objections upon repeated incidents of non-compliance from the companies. still the publics friendship grew with the help of internet and other modern day technologies that resulted in a remarkable growth in the number of lawsuits against report firms. Recently internet and other technologies compensated for the producer-customer knowledge gap and therefore the organizations cannot fool general public by not following matching commandment (Persons, 2011). It is suggested that organizations focus on enhancing their effectiveness and efficiency. But the major question arises that why do litigations happen against the accounting firms? The answer lies within the inability of accounting companies to uphold the accuracy of the financial statements. They only care about(predicate) upholding and applying the Accepted Accounting Practices and fail to see their application for the sake of disguising the information. Accounting firms play a significant role in false overvaluation of the stocks and when people purchase the shares those corporate companies do not acquit dividends. Thus the abovementioned condition is creating anger and hatred against the accounting companies in the general public. On the other placement accounting firms credibility suffer significantly in reaction to the stockpiling of lawsuits against them in every nations major justice centers. Now this paper turns its focus towards analyzing the basic and fundamental need s for which the art and science of accounting and financial management were conceptualized in the first place. The elementary reason for developing accounting practices was to create and foster confidence and trust in the shareholders but apparently the financial management firms sacrifice forgotten the basic lesson and therefore they are working to save the skins of their employers in order to make round extra bucks so that they can fight semi-permanent global recession. In reality nonetheless they are not true to their profession that is causing them to face embarrassment in court of law. A recent character occurred when Ernst & Young, KPMG, and PricewaterhouseCoopers were sued by Simon Marketing, an offshoot of the Simon Worldwide. The lawsuit declared that the featured financial firms did not record and report the be of distributing promotional games designed to promote McDonalds worldwide. Previously, the food chain launched the games named Monopoly and Who-Wants-to-Be-a-Mi llionaire, for promotional purposes. But the Simon Marketings management reacted severely to say the least because firstly Ernst & Young have never worked for them while KPMG stated that they were never informed of games questionable legitimacy and finally PricewaterhouseCoopers affirmed its resignation from the position of chief auditor. granted the aforementioned condition the management is trying to cover up something big because dragging previous auditing partners into a lawsuit is not such a good idea. Yet, it can be presumed that

Literautre search and literature review on handwashing

Literautre search and on presentwashing - Literature review ExampleOnly those studies conducted among subjects in United Kingdom in the last five years were selected. Several aspects of hand washing including health implications, promotion programs, intrusts and beliefs are discussed by each the researches.It is of utmost importance to establish first the need of hand washing. Basically it serves the purpose of preventing the transmission of infectious diseases. While there are several infectious diseases that cannot be prevented by mere hand washing, the simpler ones are actually of more significance because of its prevalence in the society. As such, focus has been given to diarrhea, being one of the leading causes of child death (Boschi-Pinto 2008) and viral respiratory infections. Moreover, bacteria causing these diseases are usually transferred between surfaces (Curtis et al. 2011, p.312), through hand contamination, for example. The researches conducted, are therefore rooted on the premise that since hand washing can prevent the transfer of disease-causing bacteria between surfaces, the different aspects of this form should be explored in depth.The study of Curtis et al. (2011, p.312) emphasized that through the practice of proper hygiene, reducing the global center of infectious disease need not to be costly. But despite this, it is quite unfortunate, that the importance of this practice has been overlooked in the area of universal health. Yet through the information obtained by the authors, they were able to surface hope that the present situation in terms of hygiene would gradually improve.In the beginning of the paper, Curtis et al. (2011, p. 312) naturalised the evidence that there is indeed a risk that has to be controlled by identifying the means by which public health practitioners estimate the threats. These are the same steps being followed by the World Health Organization. The

Essence of Employment Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Essence of Employment Law - Essay ExampleThis paper focuses upon the drill integrity that refers to combination of massive ordinary law rulings, administrative rules, statues and legislation, which are then interpreted as employment law. Its rule descends under the sunshade of both central and press out statutes, as well as judicial precedent and administrative directive. When employees file allegations for employment biasness, compensation, unemployment, compensation and employees compensation, these claims lie under employment law. In former(a) words, employment law covers all these areas that concern both employers and employees. They are the regulations that govern the working environment of an organization. At the same time, supervising workplace security and standards, retirement and pensions, fair wages, workers benefits, and several other issues are inclusive in this broad range legal field. It tackles the actions, responsibilities and rights of both the employer and empl oyees. Therefore, this law unites and enhances the relationships among the employees, employers and employer-employee relations. The most famous and common managerial regulatory body for employment law is the Department of Labor, which is present on both the federal and the state stage. There are several rights of people at work well known as employees only if these rights depend on two main aspects the stator aspect of the employee and stimulate of the employee. Note that the employees contract force out never eliminate their rights they have as par the law. (Employment Rights Act 1996). Therefore, if for instance, a individual has a contract, which affirms that the person is only entitled to have a holiday of no more than two weeks annually, which are salaried for. However, according to the law, all permanent workers are, give the right to 28 days holiday annually, it shows that this section of the contract is annulled and is not applicable. The right of employees under law, which order 28 days

Divorce Rate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Divorce Rate - Essay ExampleIf the fetter bout occurred when the minor is your research shows that by adolescence children begin to fanaticize that their pargonnts get back unneurotic, often in a fairytale musical mode and they all live happily ever after. The earlier abuse is minimized or not prospect about. By adolescence these children show the same symptoms of divorce as other children experience, difficulty making decisions, difficulty in relationships, more susceptible to depression and higher degree of acting out including the use of alcohol and drugs (Johnson, 2004)From the parents situation custody battles ensue for many reasons yet most entangle the inability to problem solve how to carry out the childs parenting needs from two locations. Every child, male or female, need two parents but to provide that parents must work together. One theory says ane of the reasons parents can not work together is because they are taking out their anger toward the spouse in the c ustody battle. Another theory is that one parent feels they can not trust the other. This often occurs when on parent has been unfaithful in the spousals or has been neglectful in the marriage (Booth 2001).In any case a custody battle generally involved a failed attempt at mediation. It then moves into the legal realm which is likely to involve a custody evaluation of both parents either by a social worker, a guardian adlitum or a psychologist of all three. When everyones reports are finished, which can take months and involves multiple interviews with the children, family members and the parents and financial cultivation is usually also included, the case is brought before a judge. The judge then hears from all the professionals involved, both parents and the children if they are old enough. The average contested hearing is from two to three days. At the present time, joint custody or 50/50 custody is the most common ruling( Amato & Sobolewski, 2001 & 2005).All of this has

People Who Need People Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

People Who Need People - Essay ExampleA super social contract theory would depend upon the ideas of Stuart Mill, Thomas Locke, and John Rawis.John Stuart Mills ideas would be helpful in get uping a perfect relationship between the individual and the ground. The state, as an entity of authority, should conk towards satisfying the individuals interests. The state, therefore, should ensure that the individual attains the maximum satisfaction possible while as well minimizing pain an individual faces. For instance, in terms of food, the state should ensure that a citizen becomes satiated. Similarly, the state should minimize starve in the individual. The state, however, only performs these duties as long as the satisfaction of an individual does not compromise on the welfare of other individuals. Besides, the state should define a society form the individuals proclivity rather from the communal view (Jeske and Fumerton 163). The state should bring forth an environment that enable s the individual aline to oneself rather than conform to the society.Thomas Hobbes ideas are crucial in determining the finite capacity of the state in politics individuals affairs. Hobbes defines human beings, in their natural state, as unruly and asocial beings whose interests are rarely unified. This imposes the necessity of the state in harmonizing the interests of individuals. The state, therefore, is a natural consequence of individuals disorganized nature. Eventually, states behave as human beings as they develop asocial nature. In this perspective, the state should be subject to regulations that ensure it operates within responsible confines. Individuals should not consent the state as an entity that cannot err. This is because the state reflects the magnitude of disorganization present in a society. It is essential for individuals to create structures that ensure unrelenting transformation of the state towards perfection.John Rawls theory is essential in rationalizing th e John

Catholicism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Catholicism - canvas ExampleThe rise of Catholicism began gaining roots especially in the 16th Century when the protestant rehabilitation started contravening the spirit and the beliefs of the common Christian doctrine that was in existence. Catholicism remains a strong effectiveness in the world today solely its influence has been tremendously reduced. The history of Catholicism relates with the influential roman letters Empire. During this clip, the system of leadership was one that integrated both secular and church leadership together the pope was seen as a in truth important political and religious figure. Through his research Dr Paul coulter established that the Roman emperor leadership was influenced by the conversion of its leaders, for example Emperor Constantine converted to Christianity in 312, he went ahead to legalize Christianity in the empire. Around 590, Gregory the Great became pope at a time when the Roman Empire had collapsed and the clergy were very active in leadership all across Western Europe. Gregory emphasized on the role of Pope as a universal leader by using scriptural interpretations, by then the bible was exclusively in the hands of the Pope. The spirit of Catholicism grew by faraway and wide and spread across Europe. Martin Luther who was an Augustinian monk around 1517 read the scripture and presented his interpretations to a door of Wittenberg cathedral thereby sparking a revolution that resulted to the Protestant Reformation (Coulter 4). The doctrine behind Catholicism is founded on the Bible, a holy book that is revered for its historical as well as current view. Historically, the Catholic Pope the only person who had a chance to interact with the Bible and deliver its teachings to the masses, this made the church very influential to the daily lives of people at that time. The Pope was able to challenge every way but he could not be challenged by anybody himself. Galileo Galilei had to persuade the church authorities th at the heliocentrism theory he had create was not against the bible, this was after the Pope disputed the theory claiming it was unbiblical. To date the Bible remains a absolute doctrine among the Catholics, however its interpretation has brought some contention especially among scholars. Because of the interpretation, various factions of the Catholic Church fork up come up with divergent beliefs (Boettner 25). Recently, the issue of celibacy has been refuted by some catholic clergy who have gone(a) ahead to marry despite the regulation by the church not to do so. It has emerged that celibacy has been found on the church traditions and not actually the teachings in the bible (Jones 14). The core teachings of the Catholic Church argon diversified but remains to be the same this is characterized by the conservatism that the church has tried to take for granted over the ages. They believe in one universal true church, a conviction that is constantly recited in the apostles creed that is part of the belief in the church. The Pope is a very supreme authority according to Catholicism he represents the church as the Vicar of Christ, a continuation of the leadership of Peter, the apostle in the early church. The decisions by the church leadership are highly regarded and are used as a benchmark for ethics and spirituality. The tradition of the church outstands and is used as the

MidTerm American Presidency Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

MidTerm American Presidency - Term Paper ExampleIn conclusion, the presidential powers should be used for persuasion and bargain purposes rather than reign over. According to him, there are only two events of presidential powers, which are to persuade and command, with the command acting as a dictatorial aspect whereas the persuasive type of power is for sound influencing (Neustadt 56).In order for one to maintain the power, one should engage all concern parties in the governance. However, such powers also have a crucial barrier, which is the president making of personal decisions without pursue others. Currently, President John F. Kennedy is one who applied the shared presidential power other than its separation. This engages a keep down of people on board in the decision making process. President Bill Clinton had been worst in the application of Neustadts guess of presidential powers. Based on my opinion, Neustadts theory of presidential powers is effective in ensuring the sh ared delegation of duties, which brings all individuals on board in effective management.Despite the strengths associated with Neustadts theory of presidential powers, Skowronek tends to be of the contrary opinion in which he states that the presidential powers should involve the manipulation of informal authority in ensuring that things are done in the most effective way as a contribution of modernity (Skowronek 318). On the two theories, the major difference is because according to Neustadts theory of presidential powers, power is for persuasion and not command while according to Skowronek, it is through the presidential command that things are

Identify the different sources of international law. To what extent Essay

Identify the different sources of world(prenominal) law. To what extent have global treaties affected the development of inte - Essay ExampleSources of external law are know generally as authoritative statements. This is found in the Statute of the inter tribealist judgeship of Justice (ICJ), member 38. This specifies possible sources of law that the court of justice shall apply in deciding disputes. These sources of international law accommodate international conventions which establishes rules, whether particular or general, expressly recognized by the states contesting the general law principles recognized by cultured nations international customs evident of general practice and accepted by law and teachings from publicists and juridic decisions of the sundry(a) nations and states as a subsidiary means of determining the rule of law (Buergenthal and Sean 19). The mentioned sources of international law, customs, treaties, and principles of law, are referred to by librar ians and lawyers with a similar background as the primary sources of international laws. Teachings from the almost high qualified publicists and judicial decisions are recognized as secondary sources or evidence of international laws. It should be noted that type laws are only considered as a subsidiary means. This is because even the ICJ decisions itself cannot create any binding precedent. The court decisions have no particular force of binding except between, in respect of that specific case, the parties. Teachings from the most highly qualified publicists may also include organizational work like private institutions and International law Commission. Other sources of international law that recognizes international organization role include resolutions and actions of international political organizations like United Nations. Such organizations are also recognized as evidence or sources of international law (Aust 5). The European Union laws have been categorized depending on th e sources. The laws grouped under primary sources include Treaty Articles, Treaty of Lisbon, and Treaty of the European Union. Those categorized under secondary sources include regulations, decisions, directives, and judgements or decisions of the ECJ. As mentioned earlier in the introduction, international law may be public international law, supranational law, or private international law. Public international law includes Treaty law, international criminal law, law of the sea, and international humanitarian law. These laws govern the existing relationships between international entities and states. The private international on the other commit addresses fundamental issues such as what jurisdiction hears a case, the rules that apply typically when a dispute is subjected to international concern like contract between parties in different countries, and the law concerning what jurisdiction to be utilise to particular case issues. Finally, the supranational law, also referred to as supranational organizations concerned with regional agreements in which the nation state laws may be inapplicably held where there is a conflict with a supranational legal system. or so of the examples of supranational framework include the European Court of Justice and European Union law, and the International Court of Justice and the UN Security Council (Buergenthal and Sean 28). The international treaties affect the development of international business in various ways. graduation exercise the international business law is observed on varying levels international economic law,

Unit 1 Project Overview Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Unit 1 Project Overview - Coursework Exampleronments namely people, staffing and management,IT and communications, human resources development and training, materials, manufacturing and production, materials, manufacturing and production and so on and anything else which requires planning and managing within businesses.In recent past, British Airways hired a new managing director. When this managing director started, he realized that the firm was not rough-and-ready and was wasting valuable resources. To make the company more cost-effective, this managing director resolved to reshape the entire company. He noticed that the best approach to do this was via a multifariousness methodology management plan.Methodically, the firm started reducing its employees. However, before this was done, via his change management leadership, the managing director gave the formation the reasons for the reorganization and privatization of the firm so as to prepare them for the impending change. The refore, through leadership and communication, managing director directed his organization through a tough time that could dupe been harmful without effective change management unsusceptibility communication (Burke, 2013).One constraint in this environment that would affect the success of the project is lack of comme il faut resources to pay the workers being laid off. The other constraint is communication deficit where project manager fails to generate appropriate information to enough people, along with the lack of a structure or culture for effective communication.2) Reflect on the various roles discussed dealing with how project managers respond to change. Describe an instance involving change, in which you should have or did model the way as a project manager. Explain what you learned from this experience.The British Airways is useless and is wasting valuable resources. To return the company to profitability, as the company project manager who is responding to this change I have to decide to change the entire company. This can be achieved

The art history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The art muniment - Essay ExampleArts are revolving but language is also evolving. This means that it exists in diametrical definitions. It depends on the understanding of an individual. At some point, it is seen as a therapeutically process. It could be with corrective or treatment aim that involves painting. The process can be satisfying or frustrating for an individual depending on a persons interest. The end product is the fail that will blow over an exhibition of the art. then it can be considered as the process of creating in a secondary manner. It still does nit change that it is a non verbal form of communication that aims at stating the objective or purpose. This type of art is defined to produce certain changes in the personality of an individual. Aesthetics is a form of art that is connected to contemporary arts. present-day(a) arts describe painting to posses two definitions which could be rated as inspirational (aesthetic) of craft. This means that it is an inspira tion to stool something beautiful. All this should be stated behind the mind of an artistic personality. The real definition of aesthetics reveals that it is a form of philosophy that deals with peach tree, taste and art. Appreciation and creation of beauty should also come along in the definition for it to be complete. Scholars in the field define it as critical definition of art and beauty that comprises f nature and culture. Aesthetics can be traced back to pre-historic arts that were done in old-fashioned arts. Since then, it underwent a slow revolution. as it is considered the philosophy of art. Most artists in this field believed that beauty is a calculate that should be disclosed as an inner sense hence a subjective fact. William Hogarth believed that it consists of many attributes including seaworthiness of some of its part into the design system. By the beginning of the 18thcentury, art had a totally different meaning. It go around around pursuing a skill that was dire cted to the aim of creating taste or a clear production of what is considered beautiful. This is the first time that taste and beauty are mentioned in association with art. Artists like Francoise Bouncher were part of bringing out the taste and elegance in art. By the 19th century, art was aimed at good-natured with beauty as the major object. The relevance in this is that the idea in the art is the center for what is shown in the piece of art. Avant Garde was the brain behind the idea of skills exhibited by an artist. According to him, these skills were for the purpose of providing moral and

How effective is the strategy of nuclear deterrence Essay

How effective is the strategy of thermo thermonuclear deterrence - Essay ExampleThe pulmonary tuberculosis of weapons of mass destruction may non be a realistic option to solve issues beca expend it goes against the principle of life (Nuclear historic period Peace Foundation, 2013). slightly countries use nuclear deterrence to impose sanctions on their enemies and prevent them from using their nuclear weapons. This is because they inflict awe on their adversaries such that if the adversary used their nuclear weapons in an unacceptable demeanor, the grievous state leave behind react by using it supposedly superior, nuclear weapons against the adversary, and the damage will be devastating for both(prenominal) countries. Therefore, nuclear deterrence is an attempt to create risks that may make the resister not to engage in a certain policy or action (Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, 2013). This essay discusses the merits and demerits of the strategy of nuclear deterrence to eva luate its efficacy. As mentioned earlier, nuclear deterrence is the act that involves the prevention of using nuclear weapons (Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, 2013). This means that the threatening body politic prevents its adversary from using Nuclear weapons against it or its allies, lest the threatening nation will attack its adversary, using nuclear weapons. Therefore, nuclear deterrence is the threat to strike back with nuclear weapons (Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, 2013). ... A threatening nation must(prenominal) be capable and willing to use its nuclear weapon, as well as, effectively communicate this to the nation that is to be deterred to encounter the success of nuclear deterrence (Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, 2013). This means that a deterrent force inflicts unacceptable damage on the nation to be deterred. Secondly, the threatening nation must have the ability to exact payments by disallowing the opponent to accomplish its objectives of using nuclear weapons or by char ging the opponent a disproportionate price for achieving the objectives to use nuclear weapons (Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, 2013). Alternatively, the threatening nation can combine the two aforementioned strategies. Further, the threatening nation must checker that the safety of its nuclear arsenal is guaranteed. Additionally, the opponent must not feeler a way or method of eliminating the deterring capability of the threatening nation. Therefore, the threatening nation must ensure that technical and policy means do not allow the opponent to access a way or method of eliminating the deterring capability of the threatening nation (Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, 2013). Finally, the threatening nation should ensure that it is always ready to demonstrate to its adversary that it can deliver on its message. Therefore, the threatening nation must show that it is willing to engage in a nuclear war that it tries to deter or prevent, if caboodle dictate so (Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, 2013). Having known the preconditions that should be met to ensure the success of nuclear deterrence, it is neat to analyse the benefits that may accrue from nuclear deterrence, when it is carried out successfully. First, it has been argued by Waltz (1994, p,

Meaning of Life and Happiness Essay Example for Free

Meaning of Life and Happiness EssayI do not compute that in that location is a single person in the world who butt say that knows what happiness in reality is and, more importantly, that knows how to achieve it. We sometimes get the glimpse of pure happiness but those upshots are so rare and so intense that we only recognise them too late. Each of us understands this feeling in a different wayI, for instance, see it as the one that can arrest you feel that there is no worry in life and nothing and nobody can hurt you anymore. For me, it is when you feel exchangeable you can do anything and forget about the past, the future, just en felicitying the mere present.In my case, it is one of two feelings that can lead you cry with all your heartbecause it is too much for you to express in plain lecture or pointless gestures. Tears are words that the heart cant express a wise man once said and could have neer said it better, as happiness is that joy which is so strong that som etimes regular hurts. However, I never remember the recipe for happiness and even if I did I do not think it would work again because one of its components is also hazard. Still, this does nt make me stop searching for it and devote it everything I do, I am and I achieve.Likewise, each person Ive ever met, consciously or not, did the samewe want to get something, to construct someone. Why? Not because that would make us feel miserable, but fulfilled and maybe a little bit more happy. Hence, I strongly believe that happiness is the main purpose of our lives, the whole aim of our ephemeral existence. We are natural happy and we want to die the same this is the true ideal that we all crave for reaching. Money, wealth, knowledge mean nothing, without someone who cares about what you have achieved.Human beings, whether they like admitting it or not, need other human beings to voice their secrets with, to share their joy or sorrow as genuine joy can only become happiness if there is another person by your side. In other words, happiness is, in my opinion, the factual meaning of life and life seems so complicated especially because we seldom get to its core, we almost never get to know what happiness feels likeand afterwards all that remains is an unclear memory of the moment and a wish of feeling it again.

The Menace of Students in Covenant University Essay Example for Free

The Menace of Students in compact car University EssayThe menace of indecent behavior among students of Covenant University. The Holy book says it is the little, little foxes that spoil the vine. The little foxes of indecent behavior be gradually takeen boneheaded into the vine of Covenant University and spoiling her vine which is the students. To examine this topic a clear understanding of what indecent behavior is vital. indecorous behavior is a state of doggingly going against honourable standards that exist in the human societal setting. Moral standards only exist where humans live as animals ar not obligated to moral standards. The menace of indecent behavior is eating deep into the Student body of Covenant University. This act of detestation has become rampant among some of the students of the presentation. Statistics contrive shown that 80 percent of expulsion cases Covenant University are cogitate or connected to immoral behavior. Examples of these behaviors a re smoking, drinking, watching of pornographic movies, stealing overt sexual behavior, continuous possession of circular music despite warning, overt sexual behavior, possession of hard drugs etc.The blackball effects of these indecent behaviors among the students cannot be over-emphasized. They include poor health conditions, addictions, bad habits etc. there have been various measures taken in the past to curb these acts. The measures include regular checking of hostels by members of staff, running checkup test on students etc. but these measure has since declined and these students have returned to their old ways , and discovered new-made methods of committing their atrocities. However despite all these concern body can also double-up measure to counter ack-ack gun these behaviors.These methods include positioning of secret cameras in various points of the school. These locations include the classrooms, rooms, chapel, lecture theatres, cafeteria etc as these will go a long way in exposing these acts with little efforts, Also medical test on students should be reinforced to test for drugs, regular checking of halls at unexpected periods should be carried step up to take the students by surprise. genius may want to ask, what the management stand has been on these long standing issues. The management has frowned at these acts, meting out disciplinary actions to students found committing them.However the management body has also had its flaws in this. Most multiplication when students are punished, asked to go on expulsion or suspension, the school grants them prerogative of mercy. They return back to school, committing more acts than they had through earlier before they were administered punishments. However the latest developments have shown that the school management body has awakened from her peacefulness as recent development has shown that prerogative of mercy shall no longer be granted to both erring student.These statements were gathered in l ast search of the Dean of students Affairs, Pastor Abiodun Adebiyi, in Lydia halls of resident. During the search a lot of contrabands which included Phones, contraceptives, drugs etc. There the Dean mentioned that all the students who were found with the contrabands will not be spared as punishments will be meted out appropriately and no prerogative would avail for them. Also there also being a constant monitoring of secluded hide-outs in the premises, and security men who incite the students to commit atrocities are monitored closely.However despite these measured taken there is still a gritty rate of indecorum in the student body. This is on the increase on a daily basis. The aft(prenominal) math of this is the fact that good and timid ones end of being influenced by the bad ones, for the fear of lower rank complex and the wanna be syndrome. This is unhealthy for the growth of the school as the aim of establishing the school will be defeated. Because instead of raising worth y leaders, who will transform the world, corrupt leaders who will compound the strategy will be produced from the system.In addition, it is also important that we understand that the future we seek as a people only lies with our youths. And for that to be achieved, attention must be directed towards the students, encouraging them to stop liberty whether visible or disguised. Having looked at indecent behavior, let us examine what the general effects of indecency can result in to. Basically these can be seen from 3 perspectives. The family, this is the smallest unit, though with the largest effect.Most times when this has eaten deep into the students, they go home and manifest them in their families, influencing their younger ones, in addition to that when they themselves become parents , they are unable to caution their children on their indecent behaviors , and advice them to behave properly. Another aspect is the school. On the side of the institution there will be misplaced pri orities, as the vision of the school of standing out as a Mission University will become a mare dream, with morals becoming misplaced.Academics will be handled nonchalantly, the drive for success will reduced, as the student will give more time to refreshing their habits and indecent desires than craving for success. The last view point is the health perspective. As a result of consumption of all these hard drugs, e. g. cigarettes, and alcohols, there will be a high rate of liver problems, lively problems which will not enable them perform maximally. Having looked at the definition of indecent behavior, few examples, where it is practiced, measures that have been taken about it in the past, how it can be reduced, and the effects.It is clear that it is a delicate area of the institution where the management has to look into and make necessary corrections, as this will boost maximum productivity amongst its students. In result more drastic steps should be employed to ensure that t he canker of indecency does not eat deep and destroy the existing structure therefore all hands must be on deck to correct this while we still have a chance. After this is done, a change is sink undeniable proofs to show for it. As they say a stitch in time saves nine.

The efficiency of an eElectric motor Essay Example for Free

The efficiency of an eElectric labour sampleThe efficiency of the locomote in experiment 2 does decrease linearly with increasing mass as I predicted. Ideally the two graphs should follow each other since I employ the same motor in each experiment. However from my graph you stack see that my calculated efficiency for the second experiment is consistently about 9% higher than the calculated efficiency from my first experiment. This difference has probably been caused by the inaccuracy of the joule meter. This is inconsistent with my results from my calibration experiment. They channelizeed that the joule meter always records much verve that it is receives and therefore if I correct my results for experiment 2 it would make the motor even more efficient. However the linear sections of the graphs involve the same gradient and this targets that in both experiments the efficiency is varying in the same way. Extension choose To measuring the efficiency of the electric motor as a generator and to establish if the schema is quantify reversible. The experiment See Diagram for circuit digarm. Experimental method I will dropped a contour of loads a distance of 1.12m and then I recorded the amount of galvanising zipper produced by the motor using the joule meter Acknowledged Errors 1. The inaccuracy of the joule meter-however I can use my calibration slide to correct for this 2. Friction in the pulley system 3. The weight has kinetic energy when I hits the understanding and this energy is scattered from the system thus reducing the efficiency of the generator. My Results H=1. 12m load=10. 3 ohms grass (kg) Average Time for full drop(s) Joules recorded Exp1x10 Joules recorded Exp2x10 Average number of joules recordedx10 %E. efficacy Input (J) graphical record Explaining the graph The energy I put in the generator is profligate in three ways. 1. useful energy is dissipated in the load 2. Energy is lost in the rubbing of the pulley system 3. When current flows through the internal safeguard of the motor energy is lost 4. Energy is lost when the weight I drop hits the flawIt follows that because energy is conserved The Potential energy of the weight= Power dissipated in load + Work done against friction +Energy Lost in the motors resistance +Energy lost as the weight hits the floor M=mass, I=current, F=friction force, R=resistance, V=final speed of weight In my analysis I feel chosen to rebuff the energy lost in the internal resistance of the motor. This is sensible since the energy lost in the internal resistance was insignificant compared to the energy lost in the load. To further simplify things I will also ignore the energy lost as the weight hits the ground.This factor was very small because my weights travelled quite easy and they had small masses. Simplified formula for analysis Efficiency If you assume that the work done against friction is continuous this formula explains the 1-1/x form of my graph. For small we ights the generator is inefficient since most of the weights potential energy is organism used to overcome friction. For small the second term of the formula is large and the generator is therefore inefficient. This is shown by my graph. For large weights the work done against friction becomes insignificant and consequently the generator becomes more increasingly more efficient.For larger the second term would tend to zero and the efficiency should tend to 100%. My results do show that the efficiency increases for heavier weights however my results appear to approach an efficiency of 14% not 100%. This difference whitethorn be caused by the fact that for my larger weight the energy lost in the motors resistance and the energy lost as the weight hit the floor become significant. The inaccuracy of the joule meter may have also contributed to this difference. Is a the motor time reversible If my motor was time reversible it should behave in the same way irrespective of the direction of time.For example if you use electrical energy lift a weight with a motor if the system is time reversible you should be suitable to get the electrical energy back by dropping the weight. A motor is obviously time reversible to an achievement since it can be used both as a motor and a generator. However my results show that for my experiment you are lone(prenominal) able to retrieve a small fraction of the energy you used lifting when using the motor as a generator (about 2. 5 joules out of 150 or 2%). This inefficiency can be partially explained by considering the parts of the system that are not time reversible.This includes the friction in the system and the energy lost in the internal resistance of the motor. Here energy is lost as heat and sound that cannot be retrieved. Conclusion In general my experiments went well and I was able to use my result to make some useful conclusions. I was very pleased with the accuracy of my results. If I had more time I would have taken more experimental reading so that I could get a more complete picture of what was happening. I would also have spent more time calibrating the joule meter since its inaccuracy had a large effect on my results.Bibliography Sources used 1) Nuffield Advanced wisdom Physics student guide 2 unit H to L, Published by Longman, ISBN=0-582-35416-1 2) Web summon Motors URL=www. srl. gatech. edu/education/ME3110/design-reports/RSVP/DR4/Motors. http 3) Encyclopaedia Britannica CD-ROM 4) Encarta 99 CD-ROM by Microsoft Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Electricity and Magnetism section.

Internal Factor Evaluation Essay Example for Free

inside Factor Evaluation EssayInternal factors of a college or university include faculty, students, staff, alumni, athletic program, physical plant, grounds and maintenance, student housing, administration, academic programs, fraternities, sororities, and public relations. The affectionateness measure of all weighted score is equal to the total weighted score, final value of total weighted score should be between range 1.0 (low) to 4.0 (high). The average weighted score for IFE matrix is 2.5 either company total weighted score fall below 2.5 consider as weak. The company total weighted score higher than 2. 5 is consider as strong position. And from the table above Philippine Womens University Sta. Cruz, Laguna Campus has a slight strong internal position and there are more areas need to improve further. StrategiesAfter we evaluate our university, we think that there are some things that the university should do akin daily checking of air-cons, lights, flushes of toilets, etc. They should build clinic in case of emergency, they should also build canteen, hire an HR, and have a head of each colleges. They should also include all the other or extra fees in training fee. And theres one thing that is important for us senior, we guess that they should take some actions in helping them on finding OJT. And maintain their strength or much better to improve it more.

Pre-Modern Appalachian Essay Example for Free

Pre-Modern Appalachian Essay1. How is Appalachia statistic constantlyy(prenominal)y different from the rest of America in terms of income, health, home-ownership and commandal statistics? The Appalachian statistics includes the states of atomic number 74 Virginia, Virginia, Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, Mary knock down, Mississippi, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina and Tennessee. In these states 13.3 million stack ar living in mendi freightercy according to U.S. Census Bureau. The number of people in the region who did not have health indemnification last year fell to 13.6 million from 13.7 million from the year before, and median incomes were up in all Appalachian states, where the median income ranged from a little over 36,000 in Mississippi to 68,080 in Maryland. (Appalachia Statistics, 2008).Nationally, the homeowner and term of a contract Vacancy rate in 2010 were 2.4% and 9.2%. During the decade, the homeowner vanity rate is increased 0.7 % points, while the rental vacancy rate increased 2.3% points. (U.S. Census Bureau). The 2006 Mayors conference found that 51% of people who became roofless the year before were single men, 30% , were single women, 17% were families with children, and 2% wee un-accompanied youth. As report in the State of the South 1998, the increased number of single parent homes, decreasing educational elaboration by males, high dropout rate, low numbers of bachelors degrees, the aging population and the changing piece of work needs while Kentucky has made progress in the elementary and secondary area.Also post- secondary education and adult education/ the state still lags behind with too many a(prenominal) under-educated adults. (South, 1998). 2. What does World System speculation contribute to our understanding of Appalachian distinctiveness? Social cognitive career theory provides a theoretic understanding of how cultural differences, resources, and barriers affect the vocational choices an d actions of individuals from minority populations. (Bennett). By changing circumstances and recognizing career choices, can be limited by access to opportunities, personal obligations, and social barriers.Also, people living with severe constraints, such(prenominal) as transportation, communication, due to lack of employment opportunities. ( World-Systems). Regions under-development was due to its isolation from the modern world. Cherokee culture reacted to and was changed by incorporation, followed by a discussion of the ways in which capitalist values came to change social relations amongst in habitants of the world. World System is seen as an invaluable interpretive tool for reformulating the historiography of this region.Identification Terms 1. Appalachian stereotypes in film-Appalachia is portrayed as stupid, stupid, inbred people in society and has been the butt of jokes in movies, TV shows, comic books, cartoons, books, television and radio. This is where negative stereoty pes reinforce negative attitude of the Appalachia Mountains and the people. Best way to explain Jed, on the Clampets, found oil on his land shooting at a possum and the rich western sandwichmost coast banker and out of state corporation, made him rich Truth is, Jed didnt get a dime, they flashed a mineral deed at him and had the sheriff come and lock him off his own land. His children did have to leave to vex work that untold is true. This is how the mass media and the public view us as if we are so ignorant that they can steal our land, blow up entire mountains and turn our creeks orange on every western on television.2. Development-To develop opportunities in life, jobs, advancement, education for betterment. We, as a society, also develop relationships with our children, parents, friends on a daily basis. It addresses issues of concern to developing countries relating to social and economic development. Development can also refer to land use, science and technology, social sci ence, international and regional, Business and professionally, music. In the Appalachian Mountains, development would refer to change in the environment, family life and jobs.3. The Ozarks-Native American people first inhabited the Ozarks 12,000 years ago. The Spanish arrived in cl0s, primeval people- Osage, Missouri, Illinois, Caddo tribe. French pioneers became the first permanent settlers but Scott Irish settlers who migrated from Appalachia eventually dominated the Ozarks and created a Appalachian culture. The Ozarks are located in the southern portion of the United States and occupies territory in the states of Kansas, Oklahoma, Missouri and Arkansa.4. Bushwhacker-In Kentucky, we argue a bushwhacker as a person who lays in wait to rob or protrude you or both. A person who is up to no good and is usually going to jail a lot is a bushwhacker for stealing cattle in every western I have ever seen. A guerrilla fighter named after William C. Quantrill of the Civil War. He led an attack on 150 people, who were shot, killed, or burned to death. His men were considered outlaws by Union forces, but they became an official Confederate troop in August of 1862. William Quantrill was considered the leader of what was to be called,, Quantrills Bushwhackers.5. Scotch-Irish-They migrated from Appalachia eventually dominated the Ozarks and created an Appalachian culture. They were considered the primary heritage of people of Celtic culture Scotts, Scotts Irish. 6. Pre-modernity-Pre-modernity tended to see the events of life as being the result of the laws of nature, laws that could be understood by reason or rationality. In Appalachia, you can find people who tend to live according to many cultural values of the Celtics. Christians are more likely to be seen in and out of church and mangle their lives. Living in clusters and developing their own communities where they live by whatever the laws of nature give them and be able to rationalize the reason.7. Internalizatio n-To incorporate the cultural values, motives of another or group as thru learning with socialization. In school, students have accepted multi- cultural education more when they think their peers accept inter-racial dating. Working or consumption time with people from other races can lower ones level of prejudice. Smith and Bylunds ,(1983) study found that Appalachians are less likely to believe that racism is a large problem in the United States. Appalachian students may be less receptive to multicultural education.8. Encyclopedia of Appalachian-Is the first cyclopedia dedicated to the region, people, culture, bill, and geography of Appalachia. The encyclopedia has a collection of history, artifacts, and folklore and cultural and behavior patterns of the mountains. Included are history of the first settlers and ancestors and how they lived and raised their families.9. Appalachian Museum/Norris Tennessee-The museum is located in the town of Norris in Anderson County. They offer v iewing of a collection of historic buildings filled with artifacts and folk lore associated with Appalachian. It was established by John Rice Irwin on 65 acreas. The museum has been featured in national travel magazines, the Smithsonian magazine, and national and international newspapers. One of the most habitual events, such as Christmas in Old Appalachian, which attracts hundreds of Appalachian people who are musicians and craftspeople will introduce you to the cultures, beliefs, craft- qualification, making of foods and jelly.10. Settlement patterns-Appalachia was slow to develop any substantial urban pattern. It shared with the rest of the south an tenseness on agriculture-that continued after other regions of the country had begun their rush toward manufacturing and urban living. People tended to stay where they were, and as time passed they became attached to the land, family and community.Film A hidden America-Children of the Mountains, a documentary on 20/20/ABC News. Feb. 10, 2009. For two years, Diana Sawyer followed four Appalachian children who sleep in vehicles, avoid thievery, alcoholism and discouragement of their family and conditions surrounding the family. What they did not emphasize was that one boy was determined to better himself and he got a acquaintance from football to attend college. Or the mother who walked 16 miles roundtrip, four hours total to get her GED. Which she did Or men who work 9 to 12 hours, 6 days a week underground despite the galosh concern since it is the best paying job in the region.Also there are teachers, social workers, doctors and dentists hit out and helping a population isolated by steep hills and lack of transport. They even showed a dentist who had converted a bus and traveled into the mountains to pull teeth, educate people on the immensity of dental care. But what was discussed was the reason so many teeth had to be pulled out was that they drank too much mountain dew. This was stereotyping at its fi nestMost people I have ever known that was so curt that they couldnt travel to the dentist, certainly didnt have money to buy soda for themselves and their kids. It was usually soupbeans and taters

Referring to both pharmaceutical Essay Example for Free

Referring to both pharmaceutic EssayReferring to both pharmaceutic and baccy companies, explain how transnational corporations can influence the health of muckle in countries at dissimilar stages of education (15) Both pharmaceutical and tobacco companies can be transnational corporations and some wield enormous multinational power and influence covering over one hundred countries with zillions of pounds worth of profit in 2009, GlaxoSmithKline had a net income of approximately.6 billion Some corporations have, for example, used their profits to serving fight widespread diseases in less economically true countries (LEDCs), such as GlaxoSmithKlines help in the fight against Lymphatic Filariasis in Asia, Africa and Latin America. Some have set up health programmes in more than economically developed countries (MEDCs) to reduce mutual health problems in these aras, such as different types of cancer.However, some corporations only put up pack with the means to deterior ate their health, such as some tobacco companies like British American Tobacco, especially in LEDCs, that both pharmaceutical tobacco companies play an important role in the health of the worlds multitude.A pharmaceutical attach to is a company, which develops, begins and markets drugs licenced for use as medications, so evidently these companies play a huge role in the health of people worldwide as they offer medication against diseases that would harm health. In LEDCs, medicines can be very expensive and in some countries in the world, in sub-Saharan Africa for example, peoples incomes may be so minuscule that they may non even be able to afford food let alone medicine.Pharmaceutical companies flip two types of drug mark and generic. Branded drugs atomic number 18 three to thirty times more expensive than generic drugs and so in LEDCs they argon out of the majoritys reach, merely they be patented and their chemical composition cannot be copied for twenty long time t his means that should another company wish to reproduce the specific drug so it can be made available at a cheaper price for the market in LEDCs, it is not possible move overable to the patent.Therefore this has negatively affected peoples health in LEDCs, as the majority of deaths from disease in LEDCs (excluding human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS) are curable with modern-day medication but it is how the medication is sold by pharmaceutical companies that prevents medication getting to these countries. Cheaper drugs to combat these common diseases cannot be produced as some pharmaceutical companies patented their branded drugs to extend their profits and do away with competition from rival pharmaceutical companies.Although pharmaceutical companies may be harming the health of populations in LEDCs by patenting their drugs for twenty years, some of their drugs are manu incidentured in factories that are located within LEDCs as they are often far cheaper than producing drugs in ME DCs as wage regulations are oft stricter and land is much more expensive. Pharmaceutical companies want to manufacture as much product as they can to exploit profit and so, for example, Bayer HealthCare, whose headquarters is in Germany, manufacture drugs in Morocco, Indonesia, Columbia, Guatemala and El Salvador all of which are LEDCs.The fact that wide quantities of drugs are produced in these countries means that the pharmaceutical companies will need a large, low-skilled workforce to do menial jobs in the factory. In comparison to salaries in MEDCs, the workers in LEDCs are paid far less, but it is much more than many people would have been able to earn before their jobs in the factories, as many of these LEDCs rely heavily on agriculture which is often a very low-paid form of employment.With this spicy salary, people may be able to afford healthcare and the more expensive branded drugs that they are helping to manufacture. Some workers healthcare may even be segmently pai d for by their employer, indeed helping improve the health of the population in LEDCs. Pharmaceutical companies, such as GlaxoSmithKline and Bayer HealthCare, are thought to have a social and moral responsibility to help in the fight against diseases if they ascend a cure for them during their drug research and development.Diseases such as Malaria, Yellow Fever, Tuberculosis and African quiescency Sickness are all curable with drugs produced by pharmaceutical companies. However, these companies are in a widely capitalist industry that wants to maximise profits wherever possible and providing free medical care for people in LEDCs is often not done, but GlaxoSmithKline and Bayer HealthCare have demoraliseed a revolution in this field by showing that by using only a small fraction of their vast profits they can help improve the health of millions of people worldwide.GlaxoSmithKline, for example, discovered albendazole in 1972 and was found to be effective against roundworms and t apeworms which caused Lymphatic Filariasis (LF), a disease that causes permanent disability and currently 120 million people are infected with the disease in Asia, Africa and South America. Since 2008, GlaxoSmithKline donated over 1. 4 billion albendazole interferences to 48 LEDCs. Their plan is to donate as much albendazole as required to fragility the 1 billion people in 83 countries at risk from LF.They withal joined the Global Alliance to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GAELF) in 2000 as a founding member and work together with governments as well as non-governmental organisations (NGOs) to eliminate LF. This is just one example of the work that pharmaceutical companies have done in LEDCs to improve the health of the inhabitants by providing free medication at the cost of a small proportion of their multi-billion pound annual profit.Pharmaceutical companies have had a large presence in LEDCs in recent history and so have many tobacco companies, traced back to trade and colo nial links in the latter part of the millennium. Tobacco companies feel much less of an obligation to help eradicate disease than pharmaceutical companies do and for that reason few tobacco companies have invested, at the expense of their profit, in health schemes to aid the disease-stricken in LEDCs.They are much more interested in securing a long-term community of consumers demanding their product. British American Tobacco (BAT) in Africa is a prime example of this capitalist, profit-driven attitude in LEDCs. In Malawi, BAT advocated the bargain of single stooge sticks, which were very popular with children as they were so cheap a single cigarette costs one fifth of the price of a single biscuit, which at least has some nutritional value.BAT used a single-stick campaign to try and encourage as many young people as possible to start smoking as they knew that once they had tried a few they would eventually become addicted to their product, which is wondrous news for their profit, as their body tells them that they need a cigarette and so they buy more of their product and for this reason, 80 000 to 100 000 children start smoking worldwide every day. announce to children in this way ensured that BAT maintained a constant group of consumers to replace the smokers that either, more likely, died from smoking-related diseases or stopped smoking.Smoking causes many types of cancer, such as lung, throat, kidney and liver cancers, and emphysema is also a common problem and every eight seconds someone dies from tobacco use. Although, like pharmaceutical companies, they provide employment for topical anesthetic people, they are often only few tobacco plant farmers and are paid very picayune and do not receive the healthcare that pharmaceutical companies provide. So, in LEDCs tobacco companies are having a very bad effect as they cause many life-threatening diseases and their advertise campaigns show little support of wanting to help eradicate the problem.As well as having a presence in LEDCs, pharmaceutical and tobacco corporations have presence in MEDCs as well. Pharmaceutical corporations headquarters are often ground in MEDCs, such as the headquarters of Bayer HealthCare in Germany and GlaxoSmithKline in the UK. They often do most of their research and development in MEDCs, as they have easier access to highly-developed facilities and laboratories to conduct experiments. frequently like in LEDCs, pharmaceutical companies provide employment in MEDCs, but this is often much more skilled work in research and lab work and is highly paid unlike in LEDCs where are less strict wage restrictions.The majority of people in MEDCs have a high income in comparison with those in LEDCs and so can thitherfore afford the branded drugs that pharmaceutical companies produce and cleverly market. The sale of these branded drugs in MEDCs to consumers is where most profits of pharmaceutical companies are made. They are not inaccessible as they were in MEDCs and for that reason the health of the population in MEDCs is often much infract and the generic drugs provided to health services in MEDCs are often quite cheap and are intimately accessible reducing the train of disease in MEDCs.Even though branded drugs might make cheaper, generic copies of these drugs impossible, because of peoples higher disposable income, people can afford the branded drugs and are willing to pay extra money for the knowledge that is produced by a genuine pharmaceutical company and not a supermarket spin-off. Much like the social and moral responsibility pharmaceutical companies felt in LEDCs, they are also feel obligated to do something about the common diseases in MEDCs as well, despite the lower level of disease. A huge health problem in MEDCs are STIs and STDs among youths and costs healthcare services rafts of money to treat these diseases.In the UK in 2008 there were 123,018 new diagnoses of chlamydia in clinics a record number. additionally from 19 99 to 2008 there were 11 times the number of primary and secondary diagnoses of syphilis. The Bayer HealthCare pharmaceutical company started a family planning initiative in 1961 and now has had family-planning clinics in 130 countries for 50 years. They also created foundation Contraception Day, which is a day every year to accentuate the importance of contraception. On this day there are fund-raising events, radio talk shows, competitions and events in nightclubs and discos.Tobacco companies are also present in MEDCs as would be expected and have a large market. Currently around 20% of adults in the regular army are smokers and there are large markets in many countries. Many of the same health do as in LEDCs are found in smokers in MEDCs, such as cancer and emphysema, although treatment of these diseases may be better in MEDCs it still costs the health services many millions of pounds to treat these diseases, which could be classified as diseases of affluence as they are brough t upon yourself. In the UK smoking costs.13. 74 billion to the government overall Cigarettes contain many carcinogens and these will obviously adversely harm health of smokers, but although advertising of cigarettes is banned in many MEDCs the already implemented addiction to cigarettes does not need advertising to continue. Fewer people start smoking in MEDCs than LEDCs as advertising is banned and fewer children start smoking as they are well aware of the health effects smoking has as many MEDCs make it compulsory to learn about the effects it has to reduce the cost to the government.Much like with pharmaceutical companies, tobacco companies provide employment in MEDCs, but it is mostly administrative work in offices as production occurs mainly in LEDCs where there are favourable growing conditions for the tobacco plant. Due to MEDCs laws, tobacco companies must provide some level of healthcare and so in that instance they help better the health of their employees, but again they do little to help with international health problems as they are more concerned with their profit.In conclusion, both tobacco and pharmaceutical companies have great influence on the health of people in countries at different stages of development, whether they be an MEDC or an LEDC. Producing drugs and medicines and health aid provided by pharmaceutical companies are probably the largest positive influences either of these types of companies have on the health of populations. Pharmaceutical companies are generally positively influencing the health of people in countries at different stages of development, but in different ways either by providing aid or employment or through the capitalist record of the industry they are in.Whereas tobacco companies are trying to maintain a large consumer pool for their product, whilst adversely affecting peoples health due to the carcinogenic nature of tobacco and cigarette products and are therefore negatively influencing the health of people in almost exactly the same way in countries of all stages of development. As tobacco companies have less social and moral responsibility they are not motivated to help in the fight against widespread diseases, like the pharmaceutical companies are.

Book Report & Stephen R. Essay Example for Free

Book Report Stephen R. EssayStephen R. bevy is a well-known writer of many another(prenominal) self-help books. He is one of the leading writers in this genre of writing. His book, The Seven Habits of highly Effective People, was published oer twenty years ago. Its fifteenth anniversary edition was released in the year 2004 to mark its amazing success. apart from being a writer, Stephen R. Covey is as well a humanist, an academician and a renowned speaker. His clarity of feeling and his ability to convey the same to his readers is seen in this book too. This ability if his has also made him a extremely influential guru in the field of business management.He has a flair for writing in a style that helps the readers not only understand the intensity and gravity of his ideologies and thought processes, but also helps them practice the same principles and logic to their own lives, sooner or later. This goal of truly helping batch run into what they want and need is perfect ly achieved in Stephen R. Coveys books. Stephen R. Coveys book, The Seven Habits of exceedingly Effective People begins with a quote by David Starr Jordan There is no real excellence in exclusively this world which can be separated from right living. One of the main reasons the world has love this book all these years is that Stephen R. Covey has written ab emerge the key elements like integrity, honesty and self-management in a very simple, clear and precise manner. A few key points that will remain memorable forever include the fifth use of goods and services of highly effective people where he writes the need for people to first develop the ability to understand others before wanting to be understood. According to Covey (1989), You dont mother much confidence in someone who doesnt diagnose before he or she prescribes.But how a great deal do we diagnose before we prescribe in communication? (p. 120). Stephen R. Covey touches a different accord with the readers because in th is book he also gives a lot of examples from his own life, be it the problems with his son that he was concerned about and the methodology he sought to adopt to help his son out as a devoted father or the fact that his marriage has reached a dead end. Not because his wife and he had fights or difference of opinion.But, due to the reason that they couldnt love each other any longer and they felt they would never be able t rekindle that same kind of love and softheartedness they felt for each other earlier. When an author of his stature chooses to tell the readers stories of his life to use it effectively as point of reference to better their own, it translates itself into a genuine self-help book. Before introducing the readers to the seven habits, he prepares them mentally by helping them understand that the bottom line is we need to understand our own paradigms and how to make a A Paradigm Shift TM. According to Covey (1998), A thousand-mile journey begins with the first step. ( p. 18). Stephen R. Covey has seamlessly integrated all the seven habits as highly essential and necessary elements. Not a single word seems exigent or out of place as Stephen C. Covey has given this book a very hard-nosed and pragmatic outlook. The book is a beautiful amalgamation of the basic instincts and reaction patterns humans withstand to each situation in their life and what needs to be done in order to receive the most(prenominal) suitable results either at home or at the workplace.A few principles that I have been able to introduce successfully into my life are Stephen R. Coveys very first habit of being proactive, the third habit that clearly lists how to range objectives in a given time effect and the sixth habit that refers to synergy. My ability to be more proactive has helped me at my work place and has also allowed better and more optimal utilization of my hours at work.Ive understood the best way to prioritize my meeting at works and my tasks at home, so I neve r feel stressed out and at the same time I get a lot more time with my family, friends, my love ones and myself. Stephen R. Coveys concept of synergy aids the process of developing and establishing better human sonorousness and interaction. When you think about a particular situation from another persons or ships companys point of view, you in turn, gain a lot insight to turn it into a win-win situation. Stephen R. Coveys fourth habit is tough as he asks us to think like a winner to ultimately be a winner.He clearly explains the six paradigms of human interaction and stresses on the importance of integrity, honesty, maturity and special term coined by him called Abundance Mentality. According to Stephen R. Covey (1989) It is the paradigm that thither is plenty out there and enough to spare for everybody. It results in sharing of prestige, of recognition, of profits, of decision making. It opens possibilities, options, alternatives, and creativity. (p. 110). References Covey, R. (1989). The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People. New York, NY Simon Schuster

How alignment between the values of an organization Essay Example for Free

How alignment between the values of an organization assayCreate a presentation in a common format (PowerPoint or a equivalent program) with a minimum of twenty (20) slides and corresponding speaker notes in which you1. Determine which statistical technique you get out employ to measure the quality characteristics of your organization. Provide examples to support the rationale.2. Analyze the current expertness location, and then work the three-step procedure to determine a new location.3. Analyze the key concepts related to capacity planning and facility location for the new location.4. Examine the current work system design, and determine your organizations selected feasibility in the job design (i. e., technical, economic, behavioral). Assess key elements of the rationale in the work design combative advantage.5. using the method analysis described in the textbook, defend the new change implementation change and the rationale for the change of method.6. Develop a diagram showing network planning techniques, in which you expend the program evaluation and review technique (PERT) and the critical path method (CPM).7. Use at least three (3) quality academic resources in this assignment.Note Wikipedia and other Websites do not quality as academic resources. Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements

Training of Airline Pilots Essay Example for Free

procreation of Airline Pi dole outs EssayThis motto goes single mile of runway female genital organ begin you anywhere. Through my little term of being an circular this has proven to be true. air power is an incredibly arouse field of interest that has no limits as to how remote an individual dope take it. Flying airplanes for a living underside be very ch onlyenging, fun, and exciting however looking past the outer shell, aviation is a main comp unmatchablent of what operates the global preservation work.According to Airsaftey.Aero, the aviation industry supplies 4. 5 one million million million jobs directly related to airports and has a multiplier of 1.7, pith that for either 100 jobs in aviation their ar 170 jobs in associated industries. They also state that the summarise global value is US $880 billion. The industry completelyows faster, cheaper, and more efficient ways to travel for business, tourism, cargo, and mail. As you notify see aviation is a hug e power in the development and success of the global scrimping. The companies spate make big profits and the economy is obviously reveal off with this industry. One item that is in direct correlation with the r up to nowue of these companies is safety.Some people say that a vanish testament make his whole lifes earnings in nonp areil leak and that whitethorn or whitethorn not be true, but the fact that the cooking of these voyages is crucial cannot be denied. This paper impart hold forth the office needed to become a pilot, the freezeup prerequisites to become a pilot, the beginning steps of bonnie a pilot, the three main routes to become a master pilot, and the continuing channelizeing communicate to note a professional pilots license.Attitude of Becoming a PilotA pilots military posture can be the nearly important and valuable asset he has, insofar it can also be the more or less(prenominal) dangerous. Decision-making is what separates a dandy pilot from a bad pilot. every(prenominal) decision is a reflection of the attitude that a pilot has. Human factors are the number one cause of entirely aircraft accidents, and most of these stem from undesirable attitudes. It does not take an outstanding set of sensible talents to become a pilot. Most people need to understand that the skills are within themselves to become a professional pilot. Aviation is very unforgiving to those who push the limits. There let been five hazardous attitudes place that can be most detrimental to becoming a successful pilot. These attitudes take in been classified as Anti-Authority, Impulsive, Invulnerability, Macho, and Resignation. (Haz)The Anti-authority attitude is found in pilots who do not like anyone telling them what to do. This pilot may slackness rules, regulations, and procedures as silly or unnecessary. They have a Dont tell me type of attitude and the proper antidote would be to say, Follow the rules theyre usually right. The Impulsive att itude is displayed when the pilot feels the need to make decisions without fully thinking by means of the situation. Instead of saying do something quickly, this pilot should be saying, Not so fast, think first. Pilots who tell themselves that accidents and malfunctions cannot happen to them face the invulnerability attitude. Instead of It cant happen to me pilots need to think, It can happen to me.Another undesirable attitude is described as macho. This is when the pilot has the attitude that he can take risks and that he is invincible. Instead of saying I can do it, pilots with a macho attitude need to train themselves to say, Taking a chance is infatuated. The fifth category of undesirable attitudes is resignation. Pilots have no room for blaming occurrences on bad luck and that is what this attitude is. The pilot blames an un inclinationd situation on luck and gives in. Someone with this attitude usually says, Whats the use, when they should have the attitude that I can make a difference. Pilots need to be committed to keeping a positive, levelheaded attitude. A good way to do this is to review human factors before every flying, recognizing the after-school(prenominal) factors such as stress, money, commitments, etc. that will effect the decisions they make (Haz).Obtaining a Medical CertificateObtaining an FAA medical certificate is necessary of every aviator, whether he will be at the controls as a pupil pilot or an Air Transport pilot. In this process a certified AME (aviation medical mental testinginer) will perform what seems to be a basic physical interrogationination on the patient. The examiner will check the patients eyes for distant visual acuity of 20/20 or better in each eye separately, with or without corrective lenses, near vision of 20/40 or better, the ability to perceive colors necessary for the safe performance of airman duties, and normal fields of vision. future(a) he will check the ears, poke, and throat of the patient making positive(predicate) a certain dB level can be heard, and that no preexisting issues can be identified within the nose and throat. Those are some of the main things that the examiner will be looking for in the physical components of the exam however the rest of the examination will also embarrass mental health, neurologic health, cardiovascular strength, and anything leftover that falls under general medical condition.It is recomm fetch uped that if one postulates to become an airline pilot that he mother an FAA First Class Medical Certificate rather than the required Third Class Medical evaluation before beginning training as he cannot and will not be hired without one. The FAA does have an option to give waivers to those who may be on the border of passing one of these sections of the medical exam however with the hails of training being very high it would be wise to make sure to meet all job qualifications prior to training (Con).Beginning StepsNow that the attitude require d to be a professional aviator as well as the medical requirements have been discussed, the adjacent step is to ask oneself some very important interrogatives before beginning the actual training. The first question should be, how much will this all cost? There is no concrete number, but expect non-military training to cost somewhere around $60,000 for all the ratings.The future(a) question to ask is, how long will it take? Again, there is no set time frame on this as some might invite faster or slower than others. From personal envision, expect two to four classs to obtain all of the ratings unless doing military training, which is an accelerated program.Another question to ask would be, what topics will you need to learn? Most professional aviators did not just wake up one day and decide that they were going to try to be pilots. They have a passion for what they do and that is what makes them stand out in the fierce competition of the industry. This leads to the desire to l earn many different aviation subjects such as Aircraft systems, Aerodynamics, Navigation, Weather, Aircraft operations, and Regulations.The last question one should ask is, where should I go for flight training? This question leads to the discussion of the three main types of flight training, which include Part 61 civilian, Part 141 flight schools, and military training. after(prenominal) considering whether one has what it takes to become an aviator, then the nigh step is to evaluate the fastest, cheapest, and most efficient way to obtain the required ratings while looking good on a resume.Part 61 Civilian tuitionWhile there is no college requirement to be an airline pilot, most employers will look for some college time and prefer a bachelor-at-armss degree. Part 61 training is plausibly the simplest and easiest to complete, as there is no set time requirement for completion. The private pilot license, instrument rating, commercial license, and multi-engine license can all be obtained through variance 61 training. This type of training is usually done outside of a school and all bookwork is done using a self-study style. A certified flight instructor will give all of the endorsements needed to complete the ratings up to the point when the school-age child must fly with an FAA examiner. The timeframe is set on the students urgency and is usually a little less expensive than a Part 141 program. The most attractive attribute of a Part 61 flight school is the flexibility it gives its students. Even though this path has the least direction from the FAA, the pilots get a well-rounded training experience.Part 141 Civilian TrainingPart 141 flight schools have a more focused curriculum that requires not only flight checks but ground courses also. The FAA gives a lot of direction to the trainees. There are clear outlines for every vocalization of the training to obtain each rating including the ground lessons, flight lessons, and stage checks. This is the best option for pilots who are serious about making a career out of flying and not interested in serving in the military. As with Part 61 training, there are several check rides required before completing flight training. The curriculum of the flight portion is set up to save flight hours creating a less expensive alternative. A Part 61 school requires a minimum of 40 hours, whereas a Part 141 schools only requires 35 hours. This may seem appealing, but many students at part 141 schools need over the 35 required hours. According to Patch on hubpages.comThe place where you may want to look at a part 141 school is when you go on to your advanced ratings. This is where your decreased requirements may actually have a true cost savings for you. For example, if youre getting your instrument rating at a part 61 flight school, youll need to have logged 50 hours cross country as pilot in command (PIC). Thats not a requirement for part 141 schools. Thats a considerable cost savings for most studen ts.Military TrainingMilitary aviator training is the toughest, least expensive to the pilot, and most desired because one can course turbine time. In the United States Air Force, officers go through a 4-phase program leading to receiving their wings. Phase-one is academic classes and pre-flight training. In this phase pilots learn and test in subjects such as Aerospace Physiology, Altitude Chamber, Ejection Seat / Egress Training, Parachute Landing Falls, Aircraft Systems, Basic Instruments, Mission Planning / Navigation, and Aviation Weather. In phase-two the officers begin primary aircraft training. This phase includes approximately 90 hours of flight training, lasting 22 weeks, with the break up of teaching students basic flying skills, Focus, Contact, Instruments, Formations, and Navigation. At the end of this 6-month phase, students pick which Advanced Track in which they adjure to fly.Students pick based on their performance ranking in Phase-2. In Phase-3, advanced aircraft training begins. After Approximately 120 hours of flight instruction in 24 weeks of training, the hope is to put these pilots in wiz/bomber aircraft. Finally these select few are ready for phase-4, which is graduation. After roughly 52 weeks of training, officers receive their silver wings and are awarded the aeronautical rating of pilot (Spe). This method of training is desirable because one can get paid to become a pilot, can receive instruction from the worlds best, and can build turbine time before applying for an airline job (assuming the pilot are placed in a fixed-wing aircraft). The negatives of this path, on the other hand, is the competition and risk that one may end up not being a pilot, as well as a contract requiring a lengthy commitment to service. Overall this can be the way to go if one is confident in his own skills and abilities. Airline Training at one time one has completed getting all of the ratings, certificates, and licenses and thinks all the training is ov er, well guess again. The airlines require even more training. Joel Freemen of Howstuffworks.com saysRegardless of your background, the airline will train you based on its procedures and its FAA-approved training curriculum. Even though all airlines fly the same kinds of airplanes, each airline has slightly different methods and procedures. The goal of an airline is to train you to be qualified in your position and to be standard. Standardization is one of the pillars of a safe airline. The thought is that, within the airline, cockpit behavior and procedure will be the same in every flight, no weigh which pilots are at the controls, to prevent confusion and misunderstanding.The initial training includes regulations and company-specific procedures. The pilot will then hand two weeks learning specific systems and equipment that they will be operating. Next is the simulator training. The airline will simulate every emergency procedure and mishap imaginable to ensure the ability of t he pilot before allowing them to fly their million dollar airplanes. Next the pilot will be fly to obtain initial operating experience. This experience includes at least 25 hours of flight time. After this, the pilot is released to operate scheduled flights as a crewmember. What to ExpectFrom an article on nytimes.com here are three short testimonies of the life of a few regional pilots Alex Lapointe, a 25-year-old co-pilot for a regional airline, says he routinely lifts off knowing he has gotten less sleep than he needs. And once or twice a week, he says, he sees the captain next to him struggling to stay alert.Neil A. Weston, also 25, went $100,000 into debt to train for a co-pilots job that conducts him $25,000 annually. He carries sandwiches in a cooler from his home in Dubuque, Iowa, bought his first uniform for $400, and holds out hope of tripling his salary by moving into the captains seat, then up to a major carrier. Assuming, that is, the majors start hiring again.Capt. ca pital of Minnesota Nietz, 58, who recently retired from a regional airline, said his schedule wore him down and cost him three marriages. His workweek typically began with a 230 a.m. wake-up in northern Michigan and a 6 a.m. flight to his lucre home bases. There, he would wait for his first assignment, a noon departure. These scenarios go to show that it takes a lot of hard work, passion, and love for aviation to be an airline pilot. These guys start off making awful wages, are kept away from home, get little sleep, and eat unhealthy fast food most of the year until they obtain seniority.ConclusionPilots are the poster childs of the aviation business. They are the most seen by the public therefore it is essential that they demonstrate professionalism when they put on the uniform. Professionalism is not something that a pilot obtains when he/she begins making money for an airliner but rather a personality that shows respect to his/her crew, passengers, and aircraft. Professionalism is what airlines are looking for when they are hiring, they are looking for a potential Captain. Being an airline pilot isnt for everyone though. You can probably tell from the rest of this paper that it really requires a passion as well as a great deal of sacrifice to make it through the rigorous and lengthy training. The sacrifices dont end there, as pilots are often in major debt for years before they make enough to pay off the loans they acquire, they sacrifice time spent with their families, and they are physically tested from day one.Although this all seems negative, it is a must. Hopefully the passengers see these as a positive. The more training a pilot has, the safer he/she will be in the cockpit. The excess in training provides more protection to the passenger and/or the cargo. Training also improves accident rates therefore keeping passengers flying and keeping aviation stimulating and allowing our economy to grow.

Buddhist schools Essay Example for Free

Buddhist schools EssayThe earlier and the most basic form of schools were Theravada and Mahayana which have been derived from the basic commands of Buddha. These atomic number 18 actually same t separatelyings but with contrary interpretations. Both of them have Dharma which is the basic teaching of Buddha. Both of these schools have some animosity between them. whole the southern Asian countries and Vietnam have accepted the principles of Theravada. Any differences between the schools are minor matters are do not hinder in one basic belief of Buddhas teachings. It is one of the earliest forms of teaching found in the history of Buddhism and is one of the most orthodox also . Theravada school emphasizes on surmise and helps in understanding the psychological nature of a human being. According to Mahayana school of teachings, salvation give the sack only be achieved if we trust Amitabha. Such person longs to be born in the paradise, because he has make good deeds and follow ed the teachings of Buddha. The philosophy of this school is actually unique. According to them in assign to gain sagacity a person should inward and not outward.Intuition is one thing this school emphasizes upon, as intuition is purely inward. Mahayana was previously known as Mahasanghikas and after a few decades of its formation it became so common that it revolutionized the Buddhist teachings. Sutra and Vinaya were translated according to them, and in the due process they also had to reject some texts. The Mahayana philosophy grew much with the concept that Buddhas are lokottara. This means that they are connected to the world only by some impertinent force and it has no impact internally .Why did Mahayana become to a greater extent accepted? It is because the Mahayana ritual and imagery attracted the Vietnamese. Its ceremonies were in conformity with original Vietnamese beliefs and rituals. This school of Buddhism also combined folklore with Taoist teachings. The enlight ened ones in Buddhism were respected as animist lifetimes. In 7th century C. E, Mahayana school became a little much developed. It was then called Vajrayana. This had an influence of Hinduism also but had similar teachings as of Mahayana.The aim of Vajrayana is the same as that in Mahayana, that is to attain Buddhahood, but the tantric practices showed a quick way to achieve this end . CONCLUSION From very early period Buddhists are concerned about fosterage. In third century close 9 Dhamma missionaries were sent to different areas of south East Asia in order to teach people about Buddhism . This is the oldest suit telling Buddhists concern about Buddhist studies. These 9 Dhamma missionaries started a wave of missionaries. These were sent to Sri Lanka, Thailand and china etceteraToday, due to these missionaries and Buddhist schools, Buddhists are present in very corner of the world. Vietnamese Buddhist education leaders are very much concerned about the global demands and nee ds of Buddhist education. In 1975, when the country got united, on that point already was a higher education institution in South it was named new wave Hanh University. This university was popular interthemely and had close interaction with many other universities of the world. After 1980s twain mod schools were established in Ha Noi and Ho Chi Minh City. These schools trained monks and nuns at B.A level. Due to maturement demand these two higher education schools were later turned in to universities. These now trained monks and nuns at not only undergraduate level but also postgraduate level. In 1997, one more Buddhist university was formed, this time in Hue city. Today, in that location are close to 40, 000 monks and nuns. There are almost six colleges and 31 high schools teaching Buddhism . Buddhism has made great progress in Vietnam. A national calligraphic system which replaced Chinese was also introduced. This helped everybody get on the same platform and understand eac h other well.Before that it was difficult to have the entire nation on the same page, as the Vietnamese language lacked its own script. People, who did not understand Chinese, could not read books, as all the books were in Chinese. In Vietnam, the Buddhist studies do not influence just art, philosophy or painting. Theatre also serves as a conveyer of the legends, stories and facts about Buddhism. Buddhism is not only a source which quenches the thirst of the intellectuals. It quenches the thirst of the spirit also. Buddhist studies have changed the past and present of Vietnam.The Vietnamese Buddhists go far and wide in order to give a vent to the knowledge and impart it to the others. Buddhism has prospered leaps and bounds in the country. Though there are many rival godlinesss in the country, Buddhism is by far the most popular one. As mentioned earlier, almost two thirds of the population practices Buddhism. During 968 it was made the state religion. Buddhism in Vietnam is no won der superior than any other religion there, as it is not only accepted publicly but also helped in the moral and ghostlike training of the general public.People believe it and accept it by heart. They call it the religion of compassion. The imprint of Buddhism crumb be seen in art and literature as well. Music has also been inspired from it. Today there are almost 15,000 worship places in Vietnam as compared to none in the beginning. There are almost ten million Buddhists all over the world. Vietnam alone has some 40,000 nuns. It was only 20,000 twenty years back. The breeding Buddhist studies have done can be clearly understood from the fact that today there are almost four Buddhist universities as compared to only one in 1981.Van Hanh was the outgrowth Buddhist school. Today there are schools all over Hanoi, Hue, Ho Chi Minh City and back tooth Tho. There are almost six colleges and 31 high schools for Buddhists. There are uncountable numbers of basic schools in many other p rovinces. This clearly shows that Buddhism has made a lot of progress since Buddhism first entered Vietnam . Buddhist monks are now not only studyin Buddhism in monasteries and colleges but are getting higher education all over the world. They are studying various subjects and religion in order to increase their knowledge.not only have they had attained worldly knowledge, but spiritual knowledge which will lead them to enlightenment.References Anson, Binh. (n. d). Theravada Buddhism in Vietnam. Retrieved January 31, 2008 from http//www. budsas. org/ebud/vn_thera. htm Brough, John. (n. d). Gandhari Dharmapada. India (n. p). Clark, Laura and Brown, Suzanne. (n. d). Buddhism in Vietnam. Retrieved January 31, 2008 from http//journals. iranscience. net800/mcel. pacificu. edu/mcel. pacificu. edu/as/students/vb/INDEX. HTM.